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VOLUNTARY AGREEMENTS IN WATERSHED PROTECTION EXPERIENCES FROM COSTA RICA
Authors:MIRIAM MIRANDA  CAREL DIEPERINK  PIETER GLASBERGEN
Institution:(1) Centro Internacional de Política Económica, Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica, USA;(2) Copernicus Institute for Sustainable Development and Innovation, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80115, 3508 TC Utrecht, The Netherlands
Abstract:This article analyses the application of voluntary environmental agreements (VEAs) in watershed protection in Costa Rica. Next to an involvement of private energy firms, the Costa Rican state, and farmers, the participation of NGOs is a remarkable feature. From an analysis of these multi-stakeholder arrangements, it is concluded that these arrangements bring benefits to all actors involved. VEAs have been able to grow as powerful policy instruments, generating positive environmental effects. Essential is their embedded ness in a broader set of environmental policies, especially related to forest management Readers should send their comments on this paper to: BhaskarNath@aol.com within 3 months of publication of this issue.
Keywords:environmental service payments  multi-stakeholder arrangements  voluntary agreements  water management  watershed protection
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