有机酸、 EDTA对不同水稻品种Cd吸收及土壤Cd形态的影响

采用盆栽试验研究了重金属Cd (0、 1和5 mg·kg^-1)污染下，外源有机酸、 EDTA对不同水稻品种产量、 品质、 Cd吸收以及土壤Cd形态和含量的影响.结果表明，加入有机酸、 EDTA提高了高Cd积累型水稻秀水63和常规品种Ⅱ优527产量，作用大小为有机酸、 有机酸+1/2EDTA>EDTA.加入有机酸、 EDTA降低了2个水稻品种的土壤交换态、 碳酸盐结合态和铁锰结合态Cd含量，但增加了土壤有机结合态和残渣态含量.加入有机酸、 EDTA使2个品种水稻秸秆、 根系、 籽粒Cd含量明显降低，其中，籽粒Cd含量分别下降了9.0%～49.3%和16.5%～30.6%(1 mg·kg^-1 Cd污染)、 12.7%～28.5%和4.3%～19.1%(5 mg·kg^-1 Cd污染)，效果为EDTA>有机酸+1/2EDTA>有机酸.秸秆、 根、 籽粒Cd含量和积累量及土壤全Cd含量则以秀水63>Ⅱ优527，品种间差异达到显著水平（p<0.05）.有机酸+1/2EDTA既可降低Cd污染土壤上水稻籽粒中Cd含量，同时也提高了水稻的产量和品质.

Cd Uptake in Rice Cultivars and Cd Fractions in Soil Treated with Organic Acids and EDTA

A pot experiment was conducted to examine the yield, quality and cadmium (Cd) uptake in different rice cultivars, and Cd speciation in soil after exposing to Cd (0, 1 and 5 mg x kg(-1)) in the presence of organic acids and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA). The results showed that general increase in the yield for cultivars Xiushui63 and II you527 was observed. Yield of two rice cultivars were in order of organic acids treatment or organic acids + 1/2EDTA treatment > EDTA treatment. The exchangeable, carbonate related and ferric-manganese oxidation related Cd increased; while organic complexation Cd and residules decreased in the presence of organic acids and EDTA. Cadmium concentrations in grain, straw and roots of both cultivars markedly reduced in the presence of organic acids and EDTA. Grain Cd concentration was the lowest for plants treated with EDTA, followed by organic acids + 1/2EDTA, and the highest Cd concentration in grain was found in the treatment with organic acids. Grain Cd concentration decreased by 9.0% to 49.3% and 16.5% to 30.6% at 1 mg x kg(-1) Cd in the presence of organic acids and EDTA, and by 12.7% to 28.5% and 4.3% to 19.1% at 5 mg x kg(-1) Cd. Cadmium concentration and accumulation in plants and total Cd content in soil were higher in Xiushui63 than in that in II you527. Grain Cd concentration decreased, and yield and quality of two rice cultivars increased at the same time in the presence of organic acids + 1/2EDTA.