半干旱地区黑碳气溶胶和含碳气体特征及来源

利用2009年9月~2010年6月兰州大学半干旱气候与环境观测站(SACOL)多角度吸收分光光度计(MAAP-5012)观测数据、CO和CO2气体成分混合比数据,分析了西北半干旱地区黑碳气溶胶和含碳气体特征、影响源地,以及影响黑碳浓度的排放物类型.结果表明BC、CO、CO2平均浓度分别为1.75μg/m3、601.71×10-9、387.78×10-6.利用后向轨迹模式将从观测站西部和东部输送过来的气流区分开,气流从东部来时,BC、CO、CO2浓度分别为1.38μg/m3、462.79×10-9、383.03×10-6;气流从西部来时,BC、CO、CO2浓度分别为2.2μg/m3、768.38×10-9、393.47×10-6.对500m、1500m、3000m高度气流来向的发源地进行聚类分析,发现3个高度上气流从中东、中亚及欧洲区域传输过来时,BC、CO、CO2浓度较高,△BC/△CO、△CO/△CO2值较大,说明燃料燃烧效率较低;气流从我国华北华中地区传输过来时,BC、CO、CO2浓度较低,△BC/△CO、△CO/△CO2值较小,表明燃料燃烧效率较高.

Characteristics of black carbon aerosol and carbonaceous gases and their emission sources in semi-arid region

Adopting observational data of multi angle absorption photometer (MAAP-5012) and the gas composition mixing ratio data of CO and CO2 of Semi-Arid Climate Observatory and Laboratory (SACOL) from September 2009 to June 2010, the characteristics and effects of source of black carbon aerosol and carbon gas in semi-arid areas of Northwest China, and the types of emissions which have impact on the concentration of black carbon were analyzed. The result indicated that average concentrations of BC, CO and CO2 were 1.75μg/m3, 601.71×10-9 and 387.78×10-6, respectively. Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated model (HYSPLIT-4) was used to distinguish the flow areas from eastern and western of the observation station. When the airstreams came from the east, the concentrations of BC, CO, CO2 were 1.38μg/m3, 462.79×10-9 and 383.03×10-6, respectively. When the airstreams came from the west, the concentrations of BC, CO, CO2 are 2.2μg/m3, 768.38×10-9 and 393.47×10-6, respectively. Taking the clustering analysis on the origin places of the airstreams in the height of 500m, 1500m and 3000m, get the results that when the airstreams of different height flow respective from the Middle East, Central Asia, and Europe, the concentrations of BC, CO, CO2 were higher and the values of △BC/△CO, △CO/△CO2 were larger, indicating the efficiency of fuel combustion was lower; when the airstreams transmits from Central and Northern China, the concentrations of BC, CO, CO2 were lower, and the values of △BC/△CO, △CO/△CO2 were smaller, indicating the efficiency of fuel combustion is higher.