不同污泥肥料对水稻和大豆的肥效实验研究

为探讨城市生活污泥农用效果,以莆田市城市生活污水处理厂的鲜污泥为材料,制成干污泥、有机肥及生物肥等3种不同有机肥料品种,将这3种肥料在水稻、大豆上进行肥效盆栽试验,测定作物产量,并分析不同施肥处理其土壤N、P、K养分供应能力及作物对N、P、K养分的吸收情况.试验结果表明,污泥作为肥料施用能提高土壤速效N、P、K养分供应水平和水稻、大豆对N、P、K的吸收量,并且有明显的增产效果;3种污泥肥料品种的供肥能力从高到低的顺序为生物肥、有机肥、干污泥;并就污泥农用资源化提出看法.

Effects of different kinds of sludge on nutrient supply for rice and beans

This article is concerned with the authors' study on the effects of different kinds of sludge on the nutrient supply for rice and beans in Putian context. To test the effects of the different kinds of sludge on the soil of the paddy fields, we have taken fresh sludges supplied by a sludge processing plant in Putian as samples to test the yields of rice and beans before and after their use. Particularly, tests were done with the different effects of different kinds of sludge, such as dry sludge, organic fertilizer and biological fertilizer on the soil absorption and supply of N, P and K. The results of our experiments show that the use of sludge as a kind of fertilizer helps to increase quick absorption of N, P and K by the soil. In case of rice absorption of N, P, and K, the increase rates can be 3.74 g/plant, 0.45 g/plant and 4.83 g/plant respectively, with 4.76%, 15.4% and 14.5% as increase rates of yields as compared with the soil without such supply. As to beans, the increase rates are 15.2%, 14.6% and 13.7% respectively. If dry sludge is taken as sample fertilizer, the increase rates of rice and bean yields are 56.9 g/plant and 29.4 g/plant , with an increase of 13.4% and 6.1% respectively. The results also prove an extra-salience in rice yield and a salience in beans'. Among the three kinds of fertilizer, biological fertilizer ranks the highest, organic fertilizer in the middle and dry sludge the lowest. This article also give some insights into how to make sludge more useful as a kind of agricultural resources and brought about the ideas of composite process of sludge when turning the sludge into organic fertilizer or biological fertilize.