上海市黄浦江水源地重金属铅、镉多介质富集特征分析

上海市黄浦江饮用水源地的水质直接影响到上海市近1 700万居民的日常生活和健康安全，因此通过现场采集及室内分析对上海市主要饮用水源地黄浦江上游干流河段表层水体，表层沉积物及支流表层水体及其周边表层土壤中重金属铅、镉类污染物的含量进行了检验。结果表明：黄浦江干流表层水体铅平均含量为3234 μg/L，镉平均含量为022 μg/L；支流水体中铅平均含量为086 μg/L，镉平均含量为013 μg/L；支流表层沉积物中铅平均含量为327 μg/g，干流平均含量为218 μg/g，周边土壤中铅含量除个别点外稳定在2022~3903 μg/g；沉积物中镉的平均含量为03 μg/g，土壤中镉含量基本在015 μg/g左右。通过分析该区域多介质中重金属铅、镉的富集特征，判断表层沉积物是该区域重金属铅、镉的主要富集介质；该区域铅污染的主要受周边土壤的淋溶冲刷作用影响；2号（斜塘与圆泄泾交汇处），4号（竖潦泾与横潦泾交汇处）采样点区域相对于其他各采样点区域有短期、低浓度的重金属镉输入.

ACCUMULATE CHARACTERISTICS OF LEAD, CADMIUM IN DRINKING WATER SOURCES OF HUANGPU RIVER, SHANGHAI

The upper stream of Huangpu River is the main surface drinking water sources of Shanghai.The quality of the water in this area has a direct impact on the residents' daily life and healthy security.There are nearly 17 million residents living in Shanghai now.The surface water,surface sediment and the surface soil surrounding from the upper stream of Huangpu River were collected.The content of the Pb,Cd in the surface water,surface sediment and the surface soil surrounding were analyzed.The results show that in the main current of Huangpu River,the average content 〖JP2〗of lead is 3234 μg/L and the cadmium is 022 μg/L.〖JP〗In the branch water,the average content of lead is 086 μg/L,the cadmium is 013 μg/L.In the surface sediment of the branch,the average content of lead is 327 μg/g,but is 218 μg/g in the main stream.In the surface soil surrounding,the content of the lead is between 2022 to 3903 μg/g.In the surface sediment,the average content of the cadmium is 03 μg/g.In the surface soil surrounding,the content of the cadmium is basically in 015 μg/g.In this article,the anthors judged the main home medium of lead,cadmium in drinking water sources of Huangpu River by analyzing the accumulate characteristics.According to the conclusions of this article,the lead,cadmium concentrate mostly in the surface sediments of this region.Lead pollution is mainly affected by the surrounding soil.Some low concentration of heavy metal cadmium have been input in the regions of sampling points 2 (intersection point of Xie tang and Yuan xiejing) and 4 (intersection point of Shu liaojing and Heng liaojing) in a short term.In the end of this article,some scientific suggestions for the protection of drinking water source of Huangpu River,Shanghai were put forward.