基于液相31P核磁共振技术的人工河流沉积物中生物质磷形态特征的研究

利用液相~(31)P核磁共振技术分析了我国北部海河流域典型人工河流滏阳新河沉积物磷形态.结果发现,滏阳新河沉积物中共检测出6类磷化合物:正磷酸盐(Ortho-P)、磷酸单酯(Mono-P)、磷酯(Lipids-P)、DNA磷(DNA-P)、焦磷酸盐(Pyro-P)、膦酸盐(Phon-P).滏阳新河沉积物中的生物质磷包括膦酸盐(Phon-P,0.11%~1.57%)、磷酸单酯(Mono-P,8.96%~29.58%)、磷酯(Lipids-P,0.28%~2.66%)、DNA磷(DNA-P,0.75%~2.03%)、焦磷酸盐(Pyro-P,0.22%~0.86%),其中,磷酸单酯是生物质磷的主要组成部分.沿艾辛庄闸坝水流方向,磷化合物含量差异明显:闸坝附近TP和生物质磷含量最高,分别为6804.1 mg·kg~(-1)和1709.58 mg·kg~(-1);沿河流流向,TP变化率分别为84.97%、-24.11%、32.84%和-0.11%,生物质磷变化率分别为93.15%、-58.83%、42.65%和18.99%.上覆水中TP和SRP的平均浓度分别为3.0 mg·L~(-1)和2.6 mg·L~(-1),分别超过我国地表水环境质量标准(GB3838-2002)V类水标准(0.4 mg·L~(-1))7.5倍和6.5倍.基于液相~(31)P核磁共振技术,对人工河流水体磷的分布与传输有了全新的认知.因此,本研究可为深入认识磷在典型人工河流沉积物-水体系中的转化提供支持,有助于深入研究典型人工河流磷生物地球化学循环过程,同时为多闸坝人工河流的水流量调度与水生态构建提供数据支持.

Biogenic phosphorus speciations in the sediments of an artificial river in the Haihe River Basin characterized with 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(31P-NMR)

Phosphorus(P) speciations in the sediments of Fuyang New River, located in the Haihe River Basin of eastern China, were detected by ³¹P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(³¹P-NMR). Totally six P species were detected in Fuyang New river, including two inorganic P species(orthophosphate and pyrophosphate) and four OP species(phosphonates, orthophosphate monoesters, phospholipids and DNA). Biogenic phosphorus in the sediments of Fuyang New River included phosphonates(0.11%~1.57%), orthophosphate monoester(8.96%~29.58%), phospholipids(0.28%~2.66%), DNA(0.75%~2.03%) and pyrophosphate(0.22%~0.86%). Among which, phosphate monoester was the main component in biogenic phosphorus. The difference of phosphorus concentration was significant along with the water flow. The highest concentration of TP and biogenic phosphorus were 6804.1 mg·kg^-1 and 1709.58 mg·kg^-1, respectively near the watergate; along with the water flow, the TP change rates were 84.97%, -24.11%, 32.84% and -0.11%, respectively; The change rates of biogenic phosphorus were 93.15%, -58.83%, 42.65% and 18.99%, respectively. The concentrations of TP and SRP were 3.0 mg·L^-1 and 2.6 mg·L^-1, respectively, which were 7.5 and 6.5 times higher than the Grade V of the National Water Quality Standard(GB3838-2002). Based on the ³¹P-NMR, there is a new cognition of the distribution and transmission of P in the artificial river. Therefore, this paper provides a solid support for better understanding the transformation of phosphorus in the artificial rivers system and it is useful for further research into the bio-geochemical cycle process of phosphorus in the artificial river. Meanwhile, it provides data support for water flow scheduling and water ecological building in the multi-dam artificial rivers.