地铁多线换乘车站火灾模型实验研究-(3)平行换乘车站火灾*

为探究平行换乘车站火灾烟气扩散特性及排烟优化模式，利用1∶10地铁换乘车站模型，在公共站厅、站台、单洞单线隧道、单洞双线隧道中设计多种火灾场景，分析各区域内的顶棚温度分布情况。结果表明:公共站厅不同位置发生火灾时，各区域内的烟气蔓延特性和通风排烟效果不同；站台火灾时，打开屏蔽门能增大补风量，延缓火源上方的升温过程，降低站台内部温升，并且在联合站台及两侧隧道排烟时仅开启火源附近6个屏蔽门有利于提高排烟效率；单洞单线隧道火灾时烟气温度相对较高，单洞双线隧道火灾时，近火源区域内起火隧道和未起火隧道的烟气分布特性不同，烟气可通过打开的屏蔽门蔓延至临近站台，开启隧道排烟及站台送风后能有效减小温升幅度和烟气扩散范围。实验结果可为平行换乘车站中的火灾烟气通风控制方案提供数据支撑。

Model experimental study on fire in metro multi line transfer station:(3) fire in parallel transfer station

In order to explore the smoke diffusion characteristics and the optimization mode of smoke exhaust for the fire in the parallel transfer station,by using a 1∶10 model of metro transfer station,a variety of fire scenarios were designed in the public station hall,platform,single line tunnel in a hole and double line tunnel in a hole,and the ceiling temperature distributions in different regions were analyzed.The results showed that when a fire occurred in different positions of the public station hall,the smoke spread characteristics and the ventilation and smoke exhaust effect were distinguishing in different regions.In case of a fire occurring in the platform,opening the platform screen doors could increase the air supply volume,delay the heating process above the fire source,and reduce the temperature rise inside the platform.In addition,only opening the six platform screen doors near the fire source was conducive to improve the smoke exhaust efficiency when combining the smoke exhaust fans in the platform and tunnels on both sides.During a fire in the single line tunnel in a hole,the smoke temperature was relatively high.During a fire in the double line tunnel in a hole,the smoke distribution characteristics near the fire source in the tunnel with fire and that without fire were different.Smoke could spread to the adjacent platform through the opened platform screen doors,and opening smoke exhaust system in the tunnel and air supply system in the platform could effectively reduce the temperature rise and smoke diffusion range.The results can provide data support for the ventilation control scheme of fire smoke in the parallel transfer stations.