关于地方推进现代环境治理体系实践进展的述评

为跟踪各地落实《关于构建现代环境治理体系的指导意见》的实践进展,本文通过比较各地发布的相关实施意见文本,结合实地调研座谈,总结典型案例,分析发现：①由于各地对现代环境治理体系内涵的理解存在差异,关注的重点领域有所不同,部分地方突破了“七大体系”。②实践中,在推动企业落实主体责任、优化政府监管服务、规范市场化建设、协同推进区域共建共保、激活基层治理效能、增强科学精准治理能力等方面形成了一些富有特色的实践经验。③《关于构建现代环境治理体系的指导意见》中的“七大体系”推进程度不均衡,政府、企业、社会组织和公众三大主体的力量结构失衡状态改善不明显,主要体现为“三多三少”,即政府责任体系和监管体系建设多,企业环境责任体系和社会治理体系建设少;关注规范第三方环境服务、落实“放管服”多,运用市场调节机制的案例少;社会治理以宣传活动和网格员机制多,践行绿色生活的全民行动体系成果少。为此,本文提出,加快建立环境治理体系现代化的评价体系,针对环境治理薄弱环节,协调推进“七大体系”建设等建议。

Review on the Local Practical Progress of Advancing the Modernization of the System for Environmental Governance

In order to track the practical progress of implementing the Guiding Opinions on the Constructing of Modern System for Environmental Governance (hereinafter referred to as the Guiding Opinions), this paper compares the implementation opinions on the Guiding Opinions issued in every province, carries on-the-spot investigation, and summarizes typical cases. The main conclusions are as follows:(1) Due to the different understanding of the logical structure of modern system for environmental governance and the different focus areas, the implementation opinions on the Guiding Opinions in some provinces break through the framework of the Guiding Opinions. (2) In practice, it has formed some practical experience in six aspects, including promoting enterprises to implement responsibility, optimizing government regulatory services, standardizing market-oriented construction, jointly promoting reginal environmental protection, activating grassroots governance efficiency, and enhancing scientific and accurate governance capacity. (3) The degree of advancing "seven systems" in the Guiding Opinions is uneven. The imbalance of the structure of the government, enterprises, society organizations and the public has not been significantly improved. It is mainly reflected in three aspects. Firstly, the construction of the government responsibility system and the supervision system is more than that of the enterprise environmental responsibility system and the social governance system. Secondly, the cases of standardizing the third-party environmental services and implementing the reforms to streamline the government, delegate power, and improve government services are more than those of using market regulation mechanism. Thirdly, for social governance, there are more publicity activities and more cases of grid member mechanisms, while there are few achievements of the activities to get the people to practice green life. Therefore, it is proposed to speed up the establishment of an evaluation system for modern system for environmental governance, pay more attention to the key areas and weak links of environmental governance, and coordinate and advance the modernization of the system for environmental governance.