公众个体如何参与环境治理？——路径选择及优化策略

公众个体是环境治理的重要主体之一，但缺乏参与路径与信息、参与形式单一等是公众参与程度偏低的重要原因。因此，研究公众参与路径与模式选择对丰富治理理论及提升公众参与效果具有重要意义。本文基于治理理论的三种研究观点及社会治理主体视角，将公众参与路径划分为政府维度的行政力量主导型、社会维度的第三部门力量主导型、基层自治力量主导型、传播和宣传力量主导型，以及自身力量主导型等五种路径；并从环境治理体系和参与路径网络中各主体的角色定位出发，进一步优化路径选择，提出线上及线下结合的赋权型参与策略，以期提高公众个体参与的主动性和有效性，促进治理理论的本土化发展。

How do Public Individuals Participate in Environmental Governance? -Pathways Selection and Strategies Optimization

Public individuals are one of the important subjects of environmental governance, the lack of participation pathways and information and the single form of participation are important reasons for the low degree of participation. Research on the participation pathways and mode selection is of great significance to enrich governance theory and improve the effectiveness of public participation in environmental governance. It is divided into five participation pathways from two dimensions based on the three research viewpoints of governance theory and the perspective of social governance subjects. Specifically, they are administrative powered pathway from government dimension and third-sector powered, grassroots self-governing force-oriented, communication and propaganda-powered, and self-powered public participation pathways from social dimension. Then this paperproposes empowered participation strategy that combines online and offline pathways based on environmental governance system and the role of each subject in the participation pathways'' network. It could provide a useful reference for improving the initiative and effectiveness of public individuals'' participate in environmental governance and promote the localization of governance theory.