Assessment of Reclaimed Municipal Wastewater Application on Rice Cultivation |
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| Authors: | Frantzis Papadopoulos George Parissopoulos Aristotelis Papadopoulos Αntonios Ζdragas Dimitrios Ntanos Chara Prochaska Irene Metaxa |
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| Affiliation: | (1) N.AG.RE.F., Soil Science Institute of Thessaloniki, 57001 Thermi, Greece;(2) N.AG.RE.F., Institute of Agricultural Machinery & Constructions, 13561 Athens, Greece;(3) N.AG.RE.F., Veterinary Research Institute of Thessaloniki, 57001 Thermi, Greece;(4) N.AG.RE.F., Cereal Institute Thessaloniki, 57001 Thermi, Greece |
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| Abstract: | Field research was carried out to assess the effects of the application of reclaimed municipal wastewater on rice cultivation in Thessaloniki, Greece during a 2-year period (1999–2000). Effects on production cost, soil composition, and health risk were examined. A randomized complete block design was used for the paddy field with three treatments and four replicates. The treatments were (1) river irrigation water with N–P fertilization, (2) reclaimed wastewater irrigation with surface N fertilization, and (3) reclaimed wastewater irrigation without fertilization. The results showed that the total production cost decreased 8.8% and 11.9% by applying the second and third treatments, respectively, compared to the first treatment, without significant differences in the agronomic and rice quality traits. Soil composition showed discrepancies between the 2 years and the three treatments, whereas the pathogens of the reclaimed wastewater and rice tissues posed a low human risk when taking the needed precautions. |
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| Keywords: | Greece Reclaimed wastewater Rice Nutrient value Production cost |
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