蛋白泡沫灭火剂及其组分的生物降解试验

采用呼吸计量法考察蛋白泡沫灭火剂组分对其降解性的影响,明确几种国内典型蛋白泡沫灭火剂的生物降解性能。20 d快速生物降解试验结果表明:水解蛋白浓缩液易于生物降解,防腐剂苯酚的添加不会抑制蛋白泡沫灭火剂的生物降解,泡沫稳定剂硫酸亚铁则会对蛋白泡沫灭火剂的生物降解有所影响;6种市售典型蛋白泡沫灭火剂的20 d生物降解率均超过60%,抗溶型蛋白泡沫灭火剂的生物降解性普遍较高;国内蛋白泡沫灭火剂产品的20 d生物降解率远高于国外同类产品,在生物降解性能方面比国外同类产品更具有优势。

Experiment and pursuit for the protein foam biodegradation and its components

In the present study,we have collected the typical components of the protein foam,including 6 protein foam commercial products in hoping to test their performance as a kind of efficient fire-extinguishing agent.As is well known,protein foam has been widely used as a high-performance extinguishing agent in extinguishing the liquid fuel aroused fire,though a great concern has been aroused for its environmental impacts due to its massive usage.This is because there comes the urgent need for the experts of the area to make a detailed assessment for the said agent based on the analysis and determination of the biodegradation features in accordance with the manometric respirometry test,in addition to the analysis of the biodegradability of the commercial products and the target components involved.As a matter of fact,the biodegradation rates of the said agent can be calculated and worked out in accordance with the ratio of BOD and COD of the protein foam samples as a result of 20 days prolonging test.The results of the said 20 days' experimental tests indicate that the biodegradation rate of the protein hydrolysate has been found accounting for 69.82％,which is supposed to indicate its high biodegradability.In such a case,the biodegradation of the foam can be inhibited by adding phenol to the product as the anticorrosive agent.What is more,it is possible to reduce the biodegradability of the protein foam slightly by adding ferrous sulfate as the foam stabilizer.The results of our testing examination help us to find that,for the time being,the 6 kinds of commercial products of protein foam China has been making with their respective biodegradation rates can be listed at about 3％ of P(64.73％),3％ of FP(67.92％),3％ of FFFP(87.81％),3％ of P/AR(92.08％),3％ of FP/AR(95.30％),in addition to 3％ FFFP/AR (89.83％),which suggests that all the above products prove to be readily biodegradable.In the paper,we have also proved that the biodegradation rates of the alcohol resistant protein foam(e.g.P/AR,FP/AR and FFFP/AR) tend to be higher than those of the non-alcohol ones.It may be related to the natural ingredient xanthan gum added to the alcohol resistant protein foams.Thus,as compared with the foreign products,the biodegradability of the protein foams made in China tends to be higher,which implies that they are more environmentally friendly.Such an advantage in biodegradability may help the said foams to reduce their environmental risks they may be left over to the environment once they had been used up as a kind of fire-extinguishing agent.