长江中游城市群能源效率评价研究

提高能源效率、促进低碳经济转型是当前长江中游城市群区域协同发展和新型城镇化建设的重点和难点。基于共同前沿(Meta-frontier)理论,利用数据包络分析方法构建非参数前沿,并将SO2排放量这一非期望产出纳入DEA模型中,比较分析了2005—2014年长江中游城市群全要素能源效率的区域差异,采用"技术缺口比率"衡量长江中游城市群三大区域之间能源利用的技术差距,并在此基础上研究了能源非效率的分解以及对真实的能源强度和潜在的能源强度进行了相关分析。研究结果表明:1当前长江中游城市群全要素能源效率整体水平偏低,但地区差异并不显著。2三大区域之间的能源技术差距不是很大。3技术缺口和管理等因素对不同区域能源非效率的作用不同。4真实的能源强度和潜在的能源强度都具有一定下降的趋势,而且两者之间的差距逐渐缩小。最后根据分析结果得出一些结论和启示,如制定区域节能战略时坚持"求同存异"的原则,加快技术进步,积极进行能源技术创新,不断提高管理水平等。同时,政府应加大对长江中游城市群的政策倾斜力度,这样才能充分挖掘长江中游城市群的节能减排潜力,这对提升中国区域能源效率的整体水平以及促进绿色经济转型具有重大意义。

Study on energy efficiency in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River city group

Improving energy efficiency and promoting the transformation of low-carbon economy are the key and difficult point of the current regional coordinated development and new urbanization construction in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River city group.Based on the meta-frontier theory, the non-parametric frontier was constructed by using the data envelopment analysis method and sulfur dioxide emissions, the undesirable output, were incorporated into the DEA model.This paper compared and analyzed the regional differences in total-factor energy efficiency in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River city group and technology gap ratio was used to measure the technology gap of energy utilization among the three regions.On the basis of this, the decomposition of energy inefficiency and the correlation analysis of the actual energy intensity and the potential energy intensity were studied.The results showed that: ①At present, the overall level of total-factor energy efficiency in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River city group was low, but the regional differences were not significant.②The technology gap of energy utilization among the three regions was not great.③Effects of technology gap and management factors on energy inefficiency of different regions were different.④Both the actual energy intensity and the potential energy intensity were in a certain downward trend, and the gap between the two was gradually narrowing.Finally, some conclusions were drawn, adhering to the principle of 'seek common ground while reserving differences' in the development of regional energy-saving strategy, accelerating technological progress, carrying out energy technology innovation actively and improving the level of management constantly.At the same time, the government should provide more policy support to the middle reaches of the Yangtze River city group, so as to fully explore the potential of energy-saving and emissions reduction in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River city group, which is significant to enhance the overall level of China's regional energy efficiency and promote the transformation of green economy.