2006─2010年环保重点城市主要污染物浓度变化特征

利用2006─2010年全国环保重点城市的空气质量日报数据，分析了大气ρ(SO2)、ρ(NO2)和ρ(PM10)的变化特征. 结果表明:从年际变化看，ρ(SO2)和ρ(PM10)呈下降趋势，ρ(NO2)变化不显著.从季节变化看，ρ(SO2)、ρ(NO2)和ρ(PM10)均呈冬季高、夏季低的特征.从浓度谱分布看，全国大气中ρ(SO2)、ρ(NO2)和ρ(PM10)分别集中在0～0.150、0～0.100和0～0.250 mg/m3范围内，ρ(SO2)和ρ(PM10)谱峰区间逐渐向低浓度范围偏移，高浓度事件逐渐减少，表明SO2和PM10污染得到较明显的控制，而ρ(NO2)谱峰变化不大.从浓度变化看，山西ρ(SO2)、ρ(NO2)和ρ(PM10)下降最明显，年变化率分别为-11.2、-3.6和-14.2 μg/m3;青海ρ(SO2)、山东ρ(NO2)和ρ(PM10)的上升趋势最明显，年变化率分别为4.4、2.7和4.5 μg/m3. 

Concentration Variations of Main Pollutants in Key Environmental Protection Cities in China during 2006 2010

The concentration characteristics of SO2,NO2 and PM10 in China’s key environmental protection cities from 2006 to 2010 were analyzed based on the daily reported data of atmospheric pollution.The results showed that the concentrations of SO2 and PM10 declined continuously and significantly,but the change of NO2 did not show a significant trend.The three kinds of pollutants had common seasonal variation characteristics,which were higher concentrations in winter and lower in summer.The variations of mass concentrations of SO2,NO2 and PM10 across the whole country were in the ranges of 0-0.150,0-0.100 and 0-0.250 mg/m3,respectively.The peak concentrations of SO2 and PM10 decreased gradually from 2006 to 2010,and the number of high pollution cases were also reduced,which indicated that the two kinds of pollutants were controlled during this period.However,the peak concentration of NO2 changed very little over these years.As for the annual change rates of the concentrations of SO2,NO2 and PM10 in the provinces of China,the maximum declining values were in Shanxi Province,which were-11.2,-3.6 and-14.2 μg/m3.The yearly change rates of SO2 in Qinghai Province and of NO2 and PM10 in Shandong Province increased remarkably,which were 4.4,2.7 and 4.5 μg/m3,respectively.