基于能源消费的上海NOx排放源与减排费用效果分析

基于能源消费计算得到2009年上海市NOx排放总量为571141t,其中燃煤电厂、机动车、黑色金属冶炼及压延加工企业排放量共占总排放量的65.1%.燃煤电厂通过采用LNB(低氮燃烧)技术和SCR(选择性氧化还原)技术,可削减总排放量的12.4%;钢铁企业的烧结机采用分步脱硫脱硝法、活性炭/焦法、循环流化床法等技术可削减3.7%～4.4%;高排放机动车改造基本不可行,建议加速和提前淘汰,可削减2.5%.费用效果分析表明,"十二五"期间完成燃煤电厂、烧结烟气脱硝和高污染机动车淘汰的减排费用效果比分别为4.7×104、7.9×104～10.6×104、12.4×104元/t.燃煤电厂脱硝改造费用效果比低、技术成熟,建议作为首要减排措施.

NOx Emission Calculation and Cost-Benefit Analysis of Emission Reduction in Shanghai based on Energy Consumption

Based on energy consumption,the total NOx emissions of Shanghai in 2009 were estimated to be 571,141 tons.The emissions from coal-burning power plants,motor vehicles,ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing enterprises accounted for 65.1% of the total emissions.About 12.4% of NOx emissions from coal-burning power plants could be reduced through application of low-nitrogen oxide combustion(LNB) and selective catalytic reduction(SCR) techniques.The integrated iron and steel enterprises could reduce 3.7%-4.4% of NOx emissions through application of the WFGD+SCR,PAFP-FGD,or CFB-FGD techniques to the sintering machines.Though accelerating the phase-out of high-emission vehicles,the NOx emissions could be reduced by 2.5%.Cost-benefit analysis of NOx emission reductions shows that the benefits of coal-burning power plant denitration,sintering flue gas denitrification and phase-out of high-pollution vehicles were 4.7×104,7.9×104-10.6×104 and 12.4×104 RMB/t,respectively,during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period.Since the cost of coal-burning power plant denitrification is low,and the technique is already mature,it should be given priority among NOx emission reduction measures.