氧气瓶爆炸事故性质认定及原因分析

在事故现场勘查的基础上,通过材料成分、力学性能、金相组织与断口、碎片附着物以及充装气体成分等检测和试验,结合爆炸能量的理论估算,对一起氧气瓶爆炸事故的性质和原因进行了系统分析。结果表明：瓶体存在的脱碳、微裂纹及局部腐蚀凹坑这些类裂纹缺陷在爆炸产生的巨大载荷下诱发了气瓶的开裂及扩展,其宏观断口表现为韧脆交替的快速断裂特征。依据碎片抛射距离估算的气瓶实际爆炸能量远大于其发生物理爆炸所产生的能量,气瓶爆炸属于化学爆炸。气瓶内存在的碳烃类油脂有机物以及瓶阀关闭时产生的摩擦热或静电火花是氧气瓶发生化学爆炸的直接原因。

Property Determination and Cause Analysis on Explosion Accident of Oxygen Cylinder

Based on material composition, mechanical property, metallurgical structure,pieces ofattachments, filling gas component test and the theoretical estimates of explosion energy the properties and reasons foran explosion accident of oxygen cylinder based on accident scene investigation was analyzed. The results showed thatthe decarburization, micro-cracks and localized corrosion pits, which were similar to crack defects, induced crackingand expansion of the cylinders under huge explosion load. The actual explosion energy, which is estimated based onthe projectile distance of fragments, is much larger than its physical explosion occurred. This oxygen cylinder accidentbelongs to a chemical explosion. When operators closed the cylinder valve, the detonating energy was provided.Therefore, the hydrocarbon grease in the cylinder and friction heat or electrostatic spark at the closing cylinder valve isthe direct cause of chemical explosion for oxygen cylinder.