区域环境污染造成的经济损失估算——以银川市为例

通过研究银川市的环境监测资料、国民经济统计资料等,借鉴与银川市实际情况比较符合的参数,运用人力资本法、市场价值法、土地价值损失法、收益还原法、机会成本法等环境经济学方法,以2009年为例估算了大气污染、水污染、固体废弃物污染、噪声污染对银川市造成的经济损失。初步估算出银川市2009年因环境污染造成的直接经济损失为45.279亿元,环境污染状况严峻,城市环境保护成为银川市经济可持续发展的基础。

Estimate and Analysis of Economic Losses of Environmental Pollution of Yinchuan City

In this paper, by studying the environmental monitoring data, and the national statistics of Yinchuan City,the authors made a research on the total economic lo~ caused by the environmental pollution there.And the environmental pollution mentioned here included the air pollution, wa- ter potlution, solid waste po//ution, and the noise pollution. The human capital approach,marketing value method,loss estimation of land value,income approach,and the opportunity cost metlmd were used here. Meanwhi/e,based on the related data of the city of Yinchuan in the year 2009, the authors made a preliminary estimation of the direct economic losses due to the environmental pollution of Yinehuan City, which amounted to 452.79 million yuan. This result showed that the situation was so serious that the city environmental protection became the most important prerequisite for the sustain- able economic development of the city.