铅酸电池系统的铅流分析

探求铅的工业流动规律,寻求环境管理的理论依据.在构建铅酸电池生命周期铅流图基础上,建立了铅酸电池系统与外部环境之间的联系,获得了铅的工业流动基本规律.结果表明,提高铅的生态效率,有助于铅矿资源保护和环境改善.要做到这一点,需要保持较高的铅循环率、较低的铅排放率.提出了铅流状况的评价指标.分析了中国铅酸电池系统中铅的流动.通过与瑞典某铅酸电池系统中铅的流动进行对比,发现由于中国铅的循环率低下、铅的排放率偏高、铅酸电池年产量持续增长等,造成了中国铅酸电池系统中铅的生态效率十分低下.结合中国铅业实况,分析了铅的循环率低下和铅的排放率偏高的成因,提出了改善对策.

Lead Flow Analysis for Lead-Acid Battery System

The rules of lead industrial flow are studied and the theoretical evidence for environmental management is founded.Based on the lead flow diagram of lead acid battery system in its life cycle,the relationship between lead-acid battery system and its exterior environment is established and the elementary rules of lead industrial flow is obtained.The results show that,the increase of lead eco-efficiency can help for lead ore conservation and environmental improvement.To reach such target,it is necessary to keep higher lead recycling rate and lower lead emission rate.Several evaluation indices for the lead industrial flow are proposed.The lead flow analysis for the lead-acid battery system in China is made.By comparing the lead flow of lead-acid battery system in China to that in Sweden,it is found that the lower lead recycling rate,higher lead emission rate and continuous increase of annual output of lead-acid battery result in the low eco-efficiency of lead in the lead-acid battery system in China.By combing the actual status of lead related industries,the primary reasons for the low lead recycling rate and higher emission rate are analyzed respectively and the countermeasures of improvement are proposed.