尾矿坝溃坝模型研究及应用

根据多个大坝的实际溃决资料,提出尾矿坝溃坝的数学模型,该模型考虑尾矿的物理力学性质及其在流动中的变形,适合溃坝砂流下泄流量变幅大的特点。并就尾矿坝溃坝后泥石流对坝下游的影响提出预测的方法,该方法确定了泄砂总量、溃坝口平均宽度、坝址最大砂流量、坝址流量过程线等溃坝的重要参数。最后利用数学模型对某尾矿库溃坝砂流进行了预测,并指出该坝下游人员的撤离高程,为防灾减灾以及保护人民生命财产安全等起到了积极作用。

Study on the Model for Tailing Dam Breaking and Its Application

A mathematical model for tailing dam breaking was firstly proposed according to the data of a lot of dam-breaks,in which the physical properties and deformations of tailings were considered.So this model was suit for the vast flow variation due to dam-break.Then,a method for calculating the backward position due to tailing dam breaking was presented,by which lots of important parameters of tailing dam break were determined such as the gross leakage of tailing,the average width of dam break,the maximum tailing flow at tailing dam,the flow graph of tailings at dam and so on.Finally,a prediction was made on the tailing flow due to the dam break in a tailing reservoir with this mathematical model,and the evacuation height for the people at backward position was determined.This mathematical model is of tremendous importance to the damage assessment,disaster control and reduction and life protection.