再论白暨豚和江豚的保护

白暨豚（Ｌｉｐｏｔｅｓｖｅｘｉｌｉｆｅｒ）的种群数量已降到了很低的水平，濒临灭绝，长江的自然环境，由于人类活动的加剧而日趋恶化。长江环境已经不可能保存白暨豚，但可能在一个半自然保护区保存下来。中国政府正在考虑集中人力和财力优先建设一个最好的白暨豚半自然保护区，即石首天鹅洲白暨豚半自然保护区，因为目前白暨豚的种群现状已不可能支持１个以上的半自然保护区。１头成熟的雌性白暨豚已于１９９５年捕获并移入石首天鹅洲保护区。江豚（Ｎｅｏｐｈｏｃａｅｕａｐｈｏ－ｃａｅｎｏｉｄｅｓ）也面临着白暨豚所面临的全部威胁。近年来其种群数量亦在迅速减少。为了防止江豚发生像现在白暨豚保护所面临的困境，我们已经在石首保护区成功建立了江豚的饲养群体。

ONCE AGAIN STUDIES ON THE CONSERVATION OF LIPOTES VEXILLIFER AND NEOPHOCAENA PHOCAENOIDES

Population size of baiji, Lipotes vexillifer , has reached such a low level that it is now on the brink of extinction. The natural environmental conditions of the Yangtze River have been getting worse and worse because of expanding of human activities. Baiji can hardly survive in the wild, but, we believe that a small population may be able to survive and breed in one semi natural reserve. The Chinese Government is considering concentrating all possible manpower and financial resources to establish Shishou Semi natural Reserve as the best and only reserve for the baiji. There are no longer enough baiji to create more than one reserve. One adult female baiji was caught and moved into the reserve in December, 1995. The Yangtze population of the finless porpoise, Neophocaena Phocaenoides , is faced the same threats as those of baiji, and its size has been decreasing remarkably in recent years. In order to avoid the difficult conservation problems the baiji is facing now, we have already successfully established a breeding group of the porpoise in Shishou Semi natural Reserve.