Probe into effect of the initiator on the thermal runaway hazards of methyl methacrylate bulk polymerization |
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| Institution: | 1. Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, People''s Republic of China;2. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics, Guangzhou, 510650, People''s Republic of China;3. CAS Engineering Laboratory for Special Fine Chemicals, Guangzhou, 510650, People''s Republic of China;4. CASH GCC Shaoguan Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanxiong, 512400, People''s Republic of China;5. University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People''s Republic of China;6. Incubator of Nanxiong CAS Co., Ltd., Nanxiong, 512400, People''s Republic of China;7. Management Committee of Shaoguan NanXiong Hi-tech Industry Development Zone, Nanxiong, 512400, People''s Republic of China;1. State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China;2. School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2088, USA;3. College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China;1. Swiss Process Safety Consulting GmbH, Schönenbuchstrasse 36, CH-4123, Allschwil, Switzerland;2. Covestro Deutschland AG, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Allee 101–103, D-51373, Leverkusen, Germany;1. State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, School of Mechatronic Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China;2. Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center, Chongqing, 401120, China;3. Explosion Protection and Emergency Disposal Technology Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100081, China;4. School of Safety Science & Engineering, Xi''an University of Science and Technology, 58, Yanta Mid. Rd., Xi''an, 710054, Shaanxi, China;1. CSE Center of Safety Excellence (CSE-Institut), Joseph-von-Fraunhofer-Str. 9, 76327, Pfinztal, Germany;2. University of Applied Sciences, Moltkestrasse 30, 76133, Karlsruhe, Germany;1. College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China;2. Mine Disaster Prevention and Control-Ministry of State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, PR China;3. Qingdao Intelligent Control Engineering Center for Production Safety Fire Accident, Qingdao, 266590, PR China;4. Sinochem Holdings Corporation Ltd., Beijing, 100031, PR China;1. CAIMI Centro de Aplicaciones Informáticas y Modelado en Ingeniería, Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, Facultad Regional Rosario, Zeballos, 1346, S2000BQA, Rosario, Argentina;2. CONICET Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Blvd. 27 de Febrero 210 Bis, S2000EZP, Rosario, Argentina |
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| Abstract: | The bulk polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) is of great importance in chemical industry, but the polymerization process is highly hazardous, and few reports have focused on the effect of initiators on its thermal hazards. In this work, to thoroughly explore the thermal hazard characteristics, the runaway behavior of MMA bulk polymerization is investigated by a combination of thermodynamics experimental and kinetics theoretical methods. The results indicate that the presence of initiator exhibits an undesirable thermal hazard to the MMA bulk polymerization, and its exothermic behavior is also greatly influenced by the type and concentration of initiator. For azobisisoheptanenitrile (ABVN), azodiisobutyronitrile (AIBN) and dibenzoyl peroxide (BPO) initiators as examples, the AIBN-initiated reaction has the shortest adiabatic induction period (39.51 min), whereas the BPO-initiated polymerization exhibits the strongest maximum temperature-rising rate and maximum pressure-rising rate. Under adiabatic runaway, the temperature and pressure change significantly with increasing AIBN concentration, revealing a great potential risk of thermal runaway. Kinetic parameters are calculated to further understand the thermal runaway mechanisms, showing a strong agreement with the adiabatic experimental data. Finally, based on the cooling failure scenario, severity grading is determined by the evaluation criteria. The current work provides extensive data as a reference and guidance for the process design and optimization of MMA bulk polymerization from the perspective of safety. |
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| Keywords: | Methyl methacrylate Bulk polymerization Thermal runaway Reactive kinetics |
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