海洋微藻溶血毒素化学结构研究进展

海洋微藻产生的溶血毒素（Hemolytic toxins）对海洋生物影响极大，是造成鱼类和贝类死亡的重要原因之一。国内外对于溶血毒素的研究尚处在起步阶段，海洋微藻溶血毒素的成分非常复杂，对于毒素化学结构的分析是制约溶血毒素研究的关键因素。本文总结了已经报道的溶血毒素的化学结构，共分为五类，即糖脂类（Glycolipids）、大环内酯类（Macrolides）、长链多羟基多烯类（Long-chain polyenes）、聚醚类（Polyethers）以及卟啉类（Porphyrins）化合物，为深入研究溶血毒素性质提供依据。

Progress of the studies on hemolytic toxin structure in marine algae

Hemolytic toxins produced by marine microalgae are a group of bioactive marine toxins which have extremely negative impacts on marine organisms, andhave led to mass mortality events of fish and shellfish.However, studies on the chemical structure of hemolytic toxinsare still in its infancyand various obstacles need to be overstrode.Given the complicatedcomposition of hemolytic toxins-, extraction and analysis of the toxinschemical structure arebottleneck problemsin the research on hemolytic toxin.This article summarized the chemical structures of hemolytic toxins reported up to the present time, which could be divided into five groups, Glycolipids, macrolides, long-chain polyenes, polyethers and porphyrins compound.This review provides the basis for further study the properties of hemolytic toxins in the future.