埋地含蜡原油管道凝管损失计算模型研究

分析了凝管处理过程中可能发生的各项费用,根据它们的特点和性质将其划分为管道清理费、临时土地占用赔偿、管道停输损失、环境污染赔偿和其他费用等5类.建立了凝管损失计算模型,同时给出了5类费用的计算公式.针对环境污染赔偿计算缺乏依据标准的问题,提出了采用土地永久征地价格作为环境污染赔偿标准参与计算.并将该模型用于国内某管道发生全线凝管事故的损失计算,对计算结果进行了分析.结果显示,模型计算得到损失大小和损失组成特点符合实际,表明所建模型可以用于凝管损失计算,并有利于含蜡原油管道风险评价的开展.

Improved model for calculating loss due to waxy crude-oil pipeline congelation

The present paper aims to introduce the author's improved model for calculating the loss caused by the congelation of buried waxy crude-oil pipelines. As is known, the loss due to such congelation has usually resulted from a lot of factors, which are often hard to be accounted for quantitatively and consequently. It is often the case to cost a lot of money to solve such problems. Generally speaking, the expenses due to such congelation can be divided into five sorts, i.e. the pipe disposal expense, the compensation for the temporarily impropriated land waste, the pipeline shutdown loss, the compensation for the contamination to the land quality and other defrayments in accordance with the actual nature of the practical land-waste situations. Seeing the serious situations and investigating some authentic financial and material waste cases, the present paper has worked out an improved total loss calculation model for congelation of such pipelines. The model has taken all the above five kinds of expanses into a comprehensive sum-total. To solve such problems with no compensation standards for the needed calculation of the land-contamination compensation, the upper limit of the price of permanent confiscation of the land has been suggested as the highest compensation limit. The proposed model was once trial-used to a case of a domestic pipeline congelation. Then the calculated results were analyzed with some interesting views unveiled. And the conclusion made through the analysis reveals that the scale of the gained total loss was in close conformity with the actual conditions and comparatively rational and reasonable in accord with the facts. Thus, the model presented by the authors can be said to well-prove effective in such loss evaluation and therefore helpful for such operation risk assessments.