常见沉水植物对东湖重度富营养化水体磷的去除效果

采用人工模拟方法，选取武汉市东湖的春季优势种金鱼藻、伊乐藻和菹草，夏季优势种类金鱼藻、狐尾藻和苦草，在春夏两个季节分别对东湖重度富营养化水体磷的去除效果进行了比较研究。结果显示：5种沉水植物在春夏季节生长良好，其中金鱼藻生物量增长率最高（春季为12888％，夏季为5833％）。5种沉水植物均能较好地吸收上覆水中的磷，其中金鱼藻在春夏两季对水体总磷的去除率均为最高（春季为9175％，夏季为9244％）。同时5种沉水植物还可抑止底泥中磷的释放，均使上覆水中各形态磷浓度保持较低水平。结果表明，金鱼藻在春夏季节均表现出较好的生长和净化水体磷的能力，且其耐污能力强，有可能成为以东湖为代表的重度富营养浅水湖区植物修复的先锋种之一。

REMOVAL EFFICIENCY OF PHOSPHORUS IN HYPERTROPHIC LAKE DONGHU WATER BY COMMON SUBMERGED MACROPHYTES

With an artificial imitation,five dominant hydrophytes,Ceratophyllum demersum,Elodea canadensis,Potamogeton crispus,Myriophyllum spicatum and Vallisneria spiralis,were used to investigate removal efficiency of phosphorus in hypertrophic Lake Donghu water at different weather conditions.The results showed that all the submerged macrophytes grew well and the growth rate of Ceratophyllum demersum,with 128.88%,58.33% in the Spring and Summer experiment respectively,was the highest.And all the submerged macrophytes absorbed total phosphorous in water effectively and the removal rate of Ceratophyllum demersum with 91.75%,92.44% in the Spring and Summer experiment respectively,was the best.At the same time,these submerged macrophytes can maintain the concentrations of various phosphorus forms in low levels,mainly by uptaking the phosphorus from overlying water and inactivating the release of phosphorus in the sediment.In conclusion,Ceratophyllum demersum could remove the phosphorus from hypertrophic water effectually and grow well.Also,with high tolerance of contamination it may be used as one of the pioneer species for macrophyte recovery in hypertrophic shallow lakes.