大型原油储罐设计中主要安全问题及对策

大型原油储罐储量很大，潜在危险性高，一旦发生事故，损失将十分惨重。为此，在分析了大型原油储罐工程危险性的基础上，重点论述了大型原油储罐设计中的主要安全问题及其对策，包括储罐地基和基础、浮顶储罐密封装置、信号报警联锁系统、排水设计、防腐蚀措施等，特别针对大型原油储罐的特点，详细讨论了浮盘沉底事故原因并介绍了预防浮盘沉底的设计要求，为工程设计提供了有价值的参考依据。

Major Safety Problems and Their Countermeasures in the Design of Large Size Petroleum Storage Tanks

Large size petroleum storage tanks,which can store a vast amount of petroleum,have a more potential danger. As soon as an accident happened,it would lead to huge damage. Based on the analysis of the risk characteristics,major safety problems and their countermeasures for the large size petroleum storage tanks are emphatically discussed,including the subgrade and foundation of the storage tank,the seal system of the floating roof,signal alarm and link work system,drainage design and anticorriosion measures.Especially the causes of the sink accident of the floating roof are analyzed and the design requirements for preventing this kind of accident are discussed in detail.All these provide valuable and important criterion for the engineering design.