基于简化基因组测序的三门湾海域无脊椎动物的遗传多样性分析

本研究通过简化基因组测序（2b-RAD）技术，对浙江省三门湾海域定居性优势无脊椎动物（哈氏仿对虾、口虾蛄、脊尾白虾、三疣梭子蟹、曼氏无针乌贼、棒锥螺和牡蛎）进行遗传结构和遗传多样性分析，以评估三门湾海域水生无脊椎动物资源现状，并为渔业可持续发展提供物种遗传资源监测依据。7个物种共获得12336～108139个SNP位点，变异位点比例为0.168%～1.571%。遗传分析结果显示，7个物种的平均核苷酸多样性（Pi）为0.147～0.306，平均观测杂合度（Ho）为0.142～0.289，多态信息含量（Polymorphism Information Content，PIC）为0.124～0.234，个体间平均遗传距离为0.118～0.246。本研究表明，三门湾水域7种代表性无脊椎动物中，生物群体变异位点比例较低，遗传多样性水平较低，且相同种群个体间的遗传分化较小, 结合本次对三门湾海域渔业资源调查分析，这可能与人工增殖放流等因素有关。

Genetic diversity analysis of invertebrates in the Sanmen bay area based on restriction site-associated DNA sequencing

To evaluate the status of aquatic invertebrate resources and provide a basis for genetic monitoring of species resources for the sustainable development of fisheries in the Sanmen bay, Zhejiang province, in this study the restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (2b-RAD) technique was used to analyze the genetic structure and genetic diversity of seven dominant invertebrates (Parapenaeopsis hardwickii, Oratosquilla oratoria, Exopalaemon carinicauda, Portunus trituberculatus, Sepiella maindroni, Turritella terebra bacillum and Crassostrea sikmea) in this bay. In this investigation, 12336～108139 SNP sites were obtained in 7 species, and the proportion of variant sites was 0.168%～1.571%. The results of genetic analysis showed that the average nucleotide diversity (Pi) of the seven species was 0.147～0.306, the observed heterozygosity (Ho) was 0.142～0.289, and the polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.124～0.234. The average genetic distance was 0.118～0.246. This study showed that among the 7 representative invertebrates in the Sanmen Bay, the proportion of biological population variation sites was low, and the population genetic diversity was low. Moreover, the genetic differentiation among individuals of the same population was small. Combined with the survey of fishery resources in the Sanmen bay, the above results may be related to artificial enhancement and releasing.