长江大保护中尾水型人工湿地的应用研究：以江东水生态公园为例

为评价长江大保护中尾水型人工湿地的运行效果，针对性地提出运维管理建议，以芜湖江东水生态公园为例，于2021年7月—2022年1月对其不同功能单元出水进行监测，分析各单元对污染物的去除路径及影响因子。结果表明：净化效果方面，在尾水水质较好的前提下(COD、NH₃-N、TN、TP等污染物浓度指标均远低于《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》中的一级A标准),江东水生态公园对各污染物的去除效果仍较好，其中强化表流湿地对NH₃-N、TN和TP的平均去除率分别为85.53%、17.60%和33.71%,串联于强化表流湿地后端的生态涵养塘具有进一步削减强化表流湿地出水中污染物的能力，其中在夏秋季(8—10月)对NH₃-N和TP的平均去除率分别为27.04%和22.51%。影响因子方面，温度和溶解氧浓度对人工湿地脱氮效果影响较大，可在冬季采取保温增氧措施，并根据运行实际综合采取小剂量分批次投加植物碳源，优化潜流湿地填料，设计多级人工湿地串联系统等手段，进一步保障长江大保护尾水型人工湿地运行效果的可持续性。

APPLICATION OF TAILWATER CONSTRUCTED WETLAND IN THE GREAT PROTECTION OF YANGTZE RIVER: A CASE STUDY OF JIANGDONG WATER ECOLOGICAL PARK

In order to evaluate the operation effect of the tailwater constructed wetland in the Great Protection of Yangtze River and to put forward operation and maintenance management suggestions, the effluent water quality, pollutants removal paths and influence factors of different functional units in the Wuhu Jiangdong Water Ecological Park were monitored and analyzed from July 2021 to January 2022. The results showed that Jiangdong water ecological park still had a good removal effect of various pollutants under the premise of good tailwater quality (The concentration indexes of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus were much lower than the Class A standard in the Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant) in terms of purification effect. The average removal rates of ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the enhanced surface flow constructed wetland were 85.53%, 17.6% and 33.71% respectively. The ecological conservation pond connected to the end of the enhanced surface flow constructed wetland had the ability to further reduce the pollutants in the effluent of the enhanced surface flow constructed wetland. The average removal rates of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in summer and autumn (August to October) were 27.04% and 22.51% respectively. In terms of impact factors, temperature and dissolved oxygen concentration had a great impact on the denitrification effect of constructed wetland, therefore it was recommended to take thermal insulation and oxygen-enhancing measures in winter. According to the actual operation, addition of small doses of plant carbon sources in batches, optimization of subsurface flow constructed wetland fillers, and design of multi-stage constructed wetland system can be taken to further ensure the sustainability of the operation effect of the tailwater constructed wetland in the Great Protection of the Yangtze River.