4种草本植物对氯代有机磷酸酯阻燃剂污染土壤的修复能力研究

以4种常用的有机污染土壤修复植物高羊茅(Festuca arundinacea)、黑麦草(Lolium perenne L.)、苕子(Vicia villosa Roth var)和紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)为研究材料，通过盆栽试验考察了4种草本植物在磷酸三(1-氯-2-丙基)酯tris-(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, TCIPP]污染土壤胁迫下的耐受和富集特征，以期筛选出具有一定TCIPP污染土壤修复能力的植物。结果表明：TCIPP具有一定的植物毒性效应，能够抑制4种植物的生长发育，但仅黑麦草的生物量显著降低，其他3种植物的生物量减少不显著。TCIPP易于从植物根部向地上部迁移，其在4种植物组织中的浓度分布均表现为叶>根>茎。4种植物中，苕子叶组织中TCIPP的浓度为15.0 mg/kg,每盆土壤可积累TCIPP 34.9 mg。苕子和紫花苜蓿对土壤中TCIPP的吸收、积累和转运效率较高，其地上部富集系数分别为1.39和1.50,转运系数分别为2.61和3.24。4种植物对TCIPP污染土壤均有较好的修复能力，对土壤中...

REMEDIATION CAPABILITY OF FOUR HERBS ON CHLORINATED ORGANOPHOSPHATE FLAME RETARDANTS CONTAMINATED SOIL

A pot experiment was conducted to study the tolerance and enrichment characteristics of four herbs (fescue, ryegrass, vetch, and alfalfa), which are commonly used as the remediation plants for organic contaminated soil under the stress of tris-(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCIPP), to screen potential plants with high remediation capability for phytoremediation to TCIPP contaminated soil. The results showed that TCIPP could inhibit the growth and development of four herbs, but only the biomass of ryegrass decreased significantly, and the biomass of the other three herbs did not decrease significantly. The concentration distribution of TCIPP in the tissues of four herbs was leaf>root>stem, indicating that TCIPP was easy to migrate from plant roots to aboveground. Among the four herbs, the concentration and accumulation of TCIPP in the leaf of vetch were the highest, 15.0 mg/kg and 34.9 mg/pot, respectively. Vetch and alfalfa had a relatively high efficiency in absorbing, accumulating and transporting TCIPP from the soil. Their shoot concentration factors were 1.39 and 1.50, and the translocation factors were 2.61 and 3.24, respectively. The four herbs had good remediation capability to TCIPP contaminated soil, and their removal rates of TCIPP in soil were 64.7% to 91.6%. Among them, the removal rate of TCIPP in the rhizosphere soil of ryegrass was the highest. However, the phytoextraction rates were less than 2%, indicating that the removal of TCIPP in soil was mainly caused by the degradation of rhizosphere microorganisms. Based on the comprehensive comparison of the tolerance, enrichment characteristics, and removal rates of four herbs for TCIPP in soil, we suggested that ryegrass can be given priority as a remediation plant for TCIPP-contaminated soil.