上流双层填料单级自养脱氮反应器启动与运行

通过接种亚硝化与厌氧氨氧化污泥，以无机高氨氮（110~130mg/L）废水为对象，研究上流式双层填料反应器的启动与运行.反应器上层与下层分别以沸石和聚氨酯海绵作为填料，启动两种填料高度比分别为2：3和3：2的1号和2号反应器，历时139d成功建立自养脱氮系统.结果表明，1号反应器最高总氮去除率达84.4%，2号最高总氮去除率达81.8%，总氮去除负荷分别达0.15，0.14kgN/（m³·d）.进水未添加有机碳源时，2号△NO₃^--N/△NH₄⁺-N一直稳定在特征值0.11附近，自养脱氮系统更为稳定.在添加有机碳源情况下，2个反应器总氮去除率都得到提升，△NO₃^--N/△NH₄⁺-N也更为稳定.说明一定浓度的有机物能强化系统稳定运行，提高系统脱氮性能.反冲洗稳定后，1号反应器出水NO₃^--N由未反冲洗前的17.61mg/L降低到10mg/L以下，说明适当的反冲洗可以有效恢复反应器运行，反冲洗与NOB抑制手段相结合能更好地维持反应器的长期稳定运行.

Start-up and operation of single-stage autotrophic nitrogen removal process in upflow double layer filler reactor

The start-up and operation of single-stage autotrophic nitrogen removal process in upflow double layer filler reactor were successfully established in this study after 139 days. Zeolite and polyurethane foam were used as reactor filler. Synthetic high ammonia nitrogen (110~130mg/L) wastewater was fed to the reactor. Ratio of filler zeolite and polyurethane foam height in No.1and No.2 reactor was 2:3 and 3:2, resprctively. The results showed that the total nitrogen removal efficiency of No.1reactor reached 84.4%, while in the No.2 reactor 81.8%, with a total nitrogen removal load achieved 0.15 and 0.14kgN/(m³·d), respectively. Without adding organic matter into influent, compared with No. 1reactor, △NO₃^--N/△NH₄⁺-N of No.2 reactor has been stable around 0.11. The total nitrogen removal efficiency of two reactors both increased with the addition of organic carbon source. It was indicated that appropriate concentration of COD can enhance autotrophic nitrogen removal performance. After backwashing, the NO₃^--N concentration of No. 1 reactor decreased from 17.61mg/L to below 10mg/L. It was showed that backwashing can effectively wash out NOB, and the combination of backwashing and other NOB suppression strategies can better maintain the long-term stable operation of single-stage autotrophic nitrogen removal process.