我国城市生活垃圾处理行业发展与驱动力分析

我国特许经营制度化后，城市生活垃圾处理行业快速发展.通过对行业政策、经济投入、处理能力建设和处理技术四个方面进行分析，将我国城市生活垃圾处理行业的发展历程划分为五个阶段，并分析了用于固定资产建设的前补贴和用于购买行业服务及资源化产品的后补贴在行业发展历程中的作用，识别出后补贴机制是城市生活垃圾处理行业快速发展的直接驱动力.在我国城市垃圾静脉产业中，除了生活垃圾处理行业，还包括餐厨垃圾和建筑垃圾处理行业，但后两者发展滞后.应利用后补贴制度，针对利用餐厨垃圾生产的生物柴油、甲烷燃气等产品建立购销体系，对利用建筑垃圾资源化产品的建设和生产项目给与价格补贴，以激活产业快速发展.

Development course and driving force of municipal solid waste disposal industryin China

As the franchise mode of municipal solid waste disposal industry (MSWDI) was institutionalized in China, MSWDI has developed rapidly. Based on the analysis of industry policy, investment, capacity building and treatment technology, the development process of MSWDI in China was divided into five stages. During the identification of the five stages, the roles of pre-subsidy and post-subsidy in the development of the MSWDI were analyzed. Compared to the pre-subsidy which is used for the fixed assets construction, the post-subsidy which is used for the purchase of services and recycled products played a more important role. The post-subsidy mechanism is the direct driving force for the rapid development of MSWDI.Except the MSWDI, kitchen waste and construction waste disposal industries are the major vein industries in Chinese cities, but lag behind. The post-subsidy mechanism should be applied to speed up the development of kitchen waste and construction waste disposal industries. The sale system of recycled products from kitchen waste, such as biodiesel and methane gas, should be established, and the reusing of construction waste recycled products in construction and production should be subsidized.