城市典型工业区土壤重金属污染状况研究

城市土壤既直接影响密集的城市人群，涉及众多的生命健康与安全，还通过水体、大气间接地影响城市环境的质量，因此对城市土壤污染的研究正逐渐受到人们的重视。为了解南京市典型工业企业对其所在地周围住宅区土壤中重金属含量的影响及其污染现状，选择南京梅山炼焦厂、南化磷肥厂、南京炼油厂、扬子芳烃厂、南京钢铁厂等5个典型工业区进行监测调查。结果表明，南京市典型工业区厂区土壤中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Hg和As元素的含量都明显高于附近住宅区土壤中含量，Cr和Ni两种元素含量与其附近住宅区土壤中含量没有明显差异。分析各工业区土壤重金属污染特征发现，炼焦厂主要异常元素为锌；磷肥厂主要为铜、铅、镉、汞、砷；炼油厂主要为镍；扬子芳烃厂主要为铅；南京钢铁厂主要为铅、镉、汞。本次调查发现，对照南京市土壤背景值，典型工业用地土壤中除Cr元素外，其他7个重金属元素都存在一定程度的富集现象。

POLLUTION OF HEAVY METALS IN URBAN SOILS OF TYPICAL INDUSTRIAL AND SURROUNDING RESIDENTIAL AREA IN NANJING CITY

The urban soil not only influence people's health, but also influence the quality of city environ- ment through air and water, and is affracting more and more attention. In order to understand the effect of typical industrial enterprise on heavy metal content in around soil and the pollution status in the surround- ing residential area, the Authors investigated 5 typical industrial districts. The contents of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Hg and As in soil of typical industrial parks were higher than that in the surrounding residential area. The pollution element varied among the industrial parks. In contrast with the background value, seven heavy metals, with exception of Cr, are enriched to some extend.