通风速率对厌氧残余物沼渣堆肥的影响

以牛粪发酵残余物沼渣为原料，设置不同的通风速率进行堆肥，堆体的通风速率分别是0.2，0.5，0.8L/（min·kg OM），分析堆肥20d过程中物理、化学和腐熟变化的特征，探讨不同通风速率对堆肥特性的影响.结果表明，通风速率为0.2，0.5L/（min·kg OM）的堆体维持高温阶段的时间为5d，而通风速率为0.8L/（min·kg OM）堆体维持高温阶段时间为4d；各堆体OM分解率分别是28.2%，32.9%，30.5%；通风速率对终产品pH值、电导率（EC）影响不大，pH值均能满足堆肥最优pH值，EC均未超过4mS/cm；通风速率为0.2L/（min·kg OM）的堆体终产品的NH₄⁺-N含量超过400mg/kg，各堆体终产品NO₃^--N的含量分别是2545，3146，2735mg/kg；各堆体终产品C/N分别是16.5，14.1，15.6；各堆体终产品GI值分别是92.2%，96.6%，82.7%.通风速率为0.5L/（min·kg OM）堆体E465/E665（E₄/E₆）最小，其腐殖化程度最高.综合分析，0.5L/（min·kg OM）是沼渣堆肥最为合适的通风速率.

The influence of aeration rate on intermittent forced-aeration composting of biogas residue

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of aeration rates of 0.2, 0.5, 0.8L/(min·kg OM) on intermittent forced-aeration composting of biogas residue. Characteristics of physics, chemistry and maturity were determined during the composting. The results were manifested that the higher aeration rate of 0.8 L/(min·kg OM) did not maintain a longer thermophilic phase. The decomposition rate of OM were 28.2%, 32.9% and 30.5%, respectively. The aeration rate had little influence on the final pH and EC, all composts had reached acceptable optimum values and EC had not exceeded 4mS/cm. The final ammonia nitrogen content in pile of aeration rates of 0.2L/(min·kg OM) did not meet the limit value of 400 mg/kg, and the nitrate nitrogen was 2545, 3146 and 2735 mg/kg, respectively. The final C/N was 16.5, 14.1 and 15.6, and the final germination index (GI) was 92.2%, 96.6% and 82.7%, respectively. The pile of middle aeration rates of 0.5L/(min·kg OM) had the highest humification because E465/E665 (E₄/E₆) of it reduced the largest range. Overall, aeration rates of 0.5L/(min·kg OM) can be chosen for composting.