壳聚糖-海藻酸钠固定化菌小球处理猪场沼液

采用包埋法，以海藻酸钠-壳聚糖为载体、自行筛选的高效脱氨氮菌为目标菌制备固定化菌小球，用于去除猪场沼液中的氨氮.优化了固定化小球的制备条件，考察了废水处理条件对氨氮去除效果的影响.结果表明，固定化菌小球的最佳制备条件为：壳聚糖投加量20g/L、海藻酸钠投加量10g/L、目标菌种包埋量2：5（V/V）.处理含氨氮废水时，在不调节废水pH值的条件下，当固定化菌小球投加量为15g/L、反应时间为4h时，氨氮的去除率为93.9%，其中吸附作用对氨氮的去除率为64.3%，微生物作用对氨氮的去除率为29.6%.扫描电镜表征结果表明，处理废水后，固定化菌小球外部及内部微生物数量明显增多.动力学与等温线拟合结果显示，固定化菌小球对废水中氨氮的去除过程符合准二级反应动力学方程（R²=0.9252）和Langmuir等温线方程（R²=0.9578）.

Removal of ammonium from aqueous solution by microorganism cells immobilized into chitosan-sodium alginate beads

An immobilized bacteria pellet by embedding method was prepared to remove ammonia from wastewater. The preparation condition was optimized and the effects of immobilized bacteria pellet dosage, solution pH and reaction time on ammonia removal were investigated. The optimal preparation conditions were:chitosan dosage was 20g/L, sodium alginate dosage was 10g/L, target species embedding amount was 2:5 (V/V). For the treatment of the wastewater, after treated by 15g/L of immobilized bacteria pellet for 4h without adjusted the solution pH, 93.9% of ammonia can be removed from the wastewater, in which 64.3% was due to the adsorption and 29.6% was due to the microbial action. After the treatment, numbers of the bacteria in the external and internal immobilized pellets were significantly increased. Furthermore, ammonium adsorption process by the immobilized bacteria pellets could be well fitted to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R²=0.9252) and the Langmuir equilibrium model (R²=0.9578).