固定化小球藻对海水养殖废水氮磷的处理

本研究利用海藻酸钠（SA）作为载体、以氯化钙（CaCl₂）为交联剂，探究小球藻最佳固定化条件及其对海水养殖废水氨氮和磷酸盐的处理效果.通过对比不同浓度SA和CaCl₂对小球藻生长的影响及不同固定化条件的藻球对氨氮、磷酸盐处理效果，确定最佳固定化条件为2.0% SA和2.0% CaCl₂.对比固定化藻球和悬浮小球藻对模拟海水养殖废水氨氮、磷酸盐去除效果，结果表明固定化藻球比悬浮藻液对氮、磷处理效果更好.其中低接种率（1：10）固定化藻球的最大氨氮、磷酸盐去除率分别为63.26%和62.76%.固定化小球藻浓度越高，其净化能力越强，高接种率（1：1）固定化藻球的最大氨氮、磷酸盐去除率分别是85.16%和75.94%.连续流运行下固定化藻球对海水养殖废水氨氮、磷酸盐的平均去除率分别为84.49%和72.17%.小球藻固定化态保留并延长了悬浮态生长活性，提高了对海水养殖废水脱氮除磷效果.

Studies on the treatment of nitrogen and phosphorus in seawater aquaculture wastewater by immobilized chlorella

In this study, sodium alginate (SA) was used as a carrier, calcium chloride (CaCl₂) was used as cross-linker to investigate the optimal conditions of immobilized chlorella and its treatment effect on ammonia nitrogen and phosphate in marine aquaculture wastewater. By comparing the effects of different concentrations of SA and CaCl₂ on the growth of Chlorella, and the effects of different immobilization conditions on the treatment of ammonia nitrogen and phosphate, the optimum immobilization conditions were 2% SA and 2% CaCl₂. The effect of immobilized and suspended Chlorella on nitrogen and phosphorus removal in simulated seawater aquaculture wastewater was compared. The results showed that the immobilized algae balls had better removal efficiency on nitrogen and phosphorus than the suspended algae. The maximum ammonia nitrogen and phosphate removal rates of immobilized algae balls at low inoculation rate (1:10) were 63.26% and 62.76%, respectively. The higher concentration of immobilized Chlorella, the stronger its purification ability. The maximum nitrogen and phosphorus removal rates of immobilized algal balls were 85.16% and 75.94% respectively according to the high inoculation rate (1:1). The average removal rates of ammonia nitrogen and phosphate under continuous flow operation were 84.49% and 72.17%, respectively. The immobilized state of Chlorella retained and extended the suspended growth activity, and enhanced the efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus removal from seawater aquaculture wastewater.