基于LCA的废弃手机资源化有效运输范围量化研究

基于生命周期评价方法（LCA）分析了废弃手机资源化过程的环境效益和跨区域运输过程的环境影响，并在此基础上提出了废弃手机跨区域流动的有效运输范围及其量化方法.通过采用IMPACT 2002+评价模型，从人体健康、生态系统质量、气候变化、资源消耗四方面对当前中国废弃手机两种典型资源化利用方案和运输过程的环境表现进行了评估.结果表明，两种资源化方案均表现出显著环境效益；部件再使用和材料再生过程是废弃手机资源化环境效益的主要贡献来源；综合考虑跨区域运输过程，在满足环境效益为正的前提下，包括部件再使用和不包括部件再使用两种资源化方案的有效运输范围分别为0~3094km与0~1248km.同时，对跨区域运输过程关键参数分析后发现，提高铁路运输占比和降低货车运输空返率可以有效扩大废弃手机跨区域转移的运输范围.

Quantitative analysis of the effective transport range of waste mobile phone recycling based on LCA

A life cycle method was carried out to assess the environmental impacts of waste mobilephones in both recycling process and cross-regional transport process. Based on which, this paper defined the effective transport range and quantization method of the cross-regional transport process. The environmental performance of recycling process and transport process, were analyzed by using the IMPACT2002+ approach. The paper divided the recycling process into two scenarios according to the difference of the reuse process. The results showed that the two typical recycling processes were all shown as environmental benefits; the recycled materials and reused parts were the main sources of the environment benefits; and the effective transport range of two processes were 0~3094km and 0~1248km. Meanwhile, an analysis of the key parameters was also conducted to assess the influence of transport tools and theempty return rate ofcross-regional transport processes. It was found that increasing the proportion of railway transport and reducing the empty return rate of truck transport can effectively expand the transport range.