基于聚集分形的江苏省区域旅游空间结构差异分析

旅游系统空间结构是旅游地理学的重要研究方面，而其空间结构差异研究有助于揭示旅游系统的地域分异规律，并为优化旅游空间系统提供理论依据。以江苏省13个地级市国家2A级以上旅游景点为研究对象，运用分形方法对2001年和2010年的空间结构进行聚集维数的测算与分析。结果表明：（1）时间尺度上表现为苏南地区旅游景点的发展模式由点状向面状扩展，空间尺度上表现为从苏北到苏南由点状发展模式向面状发展模式转变；（2）各个城市的旅游景区（点）具有聚集分形特征，且存在3种不同的类型，在相同类型中的各个城市旅游景区（点）聚集维数值在不同区间的变化也存在差异；（3）空间结构上表现为密度从中心旅游景点向周围腹地衰减的规律

THE DIFFERENCE OF REGIONAL TOURISM SPATIAL STRUCTURE IN JIANGSU PROVINCE BASED ON AGGREGATION AND FRACTAL

As an important research aspect in tourism geography,research on the spatial structure of tourism may contribute to reveal the laws of regional differentiation of tourism system and to provide the theory basis for optimization of tourism space system. This paper focuses on analyzing 2A and above tourism spots of thirteen prefecture level cities in Jiangsu province.To study the spatial structure aggregation fractal of tourism attractions and reflect the objective laws of tourism attractions distribution,the writer measures each aggregation fractal dimension on spatial structure of each tourism attractions system, based on the data of tourism attractions of thirteen prefecture level cities in 2001 and 2010.The results are shown as follows.（1）The developmental model of scenic spots of southern areas in Jiangsu transforms from point to planar.In the south,middle and north of Jiangsu province,the tourist attractions which aggregate in the main urban zone present different rules. The rule changing from northern areas to southern areas is from pitting development model to planar development model.(2)By analyzing 13 representative prefecture level cities on spatial scales,it reveals that the tourism spots of each city have the characteristic of aggregation and fractal which exists three different types.In the same type of tourist attraction systems,there are differences among the changes of the values of aggregation fractal dimension in different interval.(3)It also shows,in terms of the spatial structure of tourism attraction systems’,that the density is decaying from centre tourism attractions to the surrounding hinterland. 
The reasons for this phenomena can be ascribed to three factors as follows.Firstly,the difference of tourism resources spatial distribution in the south,middle and north of Jiangsu province is a vital reason.Southern city travel circles play a greater central role,and the travel areas have abundant tourism resources.The number of 4A level and 5A level tourist attractions in southern Jiangsu is 69,with a total share of 654% of Jiangsu province.And also the high dimension aggregation structure shows that the spatial structure of southern tourist spots is very strongly aggregated in the first scale free interval. By contrast, there are less tourist spots in northern Jiangsu.Although the spatial structure is aggregated in some extent,the density of tourist spots decays quickly from the centre point of tourism attractions to the surrounding hinterland.Secondly,regional difference in the levels of economic development is another important cause.Strong economic strength can promote the development of tourism. The higher level of economic development in southern Jiangsu provides the higher living standard for the residents there, which is of benefit to the prosperity of the travel market and to the better conditions of tourism infrastructures and facilities.The last but not the least,the geographical environment and the traffic condition influence the distribution of tourism resources.South Jiangsu is located in the Yangtze River delta region,which has more intensive transportation network and important ports.〖HJ1〗