基于固液分离预处理的餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵

研究不同预处理方法所获餐厨垃圾浆料的半连续式厌氧发酵效果，评价该类餐厨垃圾的产甲烷资源化潜能.结果表明，固液油三相分离预处理后的液相餐厨垃圾作为进料较固液混合相餐厨垃圾在厌氧发酵时具有更高的VS去除率，实际产甲烷潜能和甲烷转化率，分别为91.2%， 531.5mLCH₄/gVS和54.3%，表明液相餐厨垃圾半连续中温湿式厌氧发酵具有良好的减量化和资源化效能.微生物群落分析表明，不同预处理方式影响了餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵系统的微生物群落演替，氨氮浓度是导致古菌群落转移和丰度变化的关键因素.液相餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵时是以氢营养型产甲烷菌Methanoculleus为主，而在固液混合相餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵时则以耐高浓度氨氮的Methanosarcina多功能产甲烷菌为主.

Study on anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste based on solid-liquid separation pretreatment

A semi-continuous anaerobic digestion (AD) experiment was set up to evaluate the methanogenesis potential of kitchen waste (KW) after different pretreatment modes. After the solid, liquid and oil three-phase separation pretreatment, the liquid-phase KW achieved a higher volatile solid (VS) removal rate, experimental methane potential (EMP) and methane conversion rate than the mixed one of solid-liquid phases, which were 91.2%, 531.5mLCH₄/gVS, and 54.3%, respectively. The results indicated that the medium-temperature wet AD displayed a satisfying effect on KW reduction and resource utilization when using the liquid-phase KW as the feedstock. The microbial community analysis showed that the microbial community succession in the AD system was affected by the KW pretreatment method. The ammonia concentration was the key factor to induce the variation and abundance shifts of the archaeal community. The hydrogenotrophic methanogen, methanoleus was the dominant methanogens in the AD system with the KW liquid phase as the feedstock. The methanosarcina, which was reported to be able to resist high concentrations of ammonia nitrogen was the dominant methanogens in the AD system with the feedstock of the KW solid-liquid phase mixture.