全氟辛烷磺酸盐(PFOS)对土壤跳虫的生态毒性

将两种跳虫(Folsomia candida和Folsomia fimetaria)暴露在全氟辛烷磺酸盐(perfluorooctane sulfonate,PFOS)污染的人工土壤中,利用跳虫存活数量、繁殖数量与回避行为来评价PFOS对跳虫的生态毒性。结果表明,PFOS对F.candida和F.fimetaria急性毒性的LC50(7d)分别为4777和2219mg·kg-1,慢性毒性的EC50(28d)分别为0.13和0.05mg·kg-1。此外,PFOS对两种跳虫回避行为影响的EC50(48h)分别为0.51mg·kg-1(F.candida)和0.31mg·kg-1(F.fimetaria)。分析比较发现,PFOS对跳虫急性死亡率影响很小,但对跳虫的回避行为和繁殖率有显著影响,可用来表征土壤中PFOS的生态毒性,且选用有性生殖的F.fimetaria及其慢性毒性实验来评价土壤中PFOS的毒性相对最灵敏。

Ecotoxicity of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) to Springtails in Soils

In this study, two springtail species (Folsomia candida & Folsomia fimetaria) were exposed to soils contaminated with PFOS. Ecotoxicity of PFOS was assessed using the number of survival and reproduction, as well as the avoidance behavior of the springtails. LC₅₀ values of PFOS in acute toxicity test were 4 777 and 2 219 mg·kg^-1 for F. candida and F. fimetaria, respectively. EC₅₀ values in chronic reproduction toxicity test were 0.13 and 0.05 mg·kg^-1 for F. candida and F. fimetaria, respectively, which were 0.51 mg·kg^-1 (F. candida) and 0.31 mg·kg^-1 (F. fimetaria) after PFOS affected on avoidance behavior of springtails. Accordingly, the acute toxicity of PFOS to survival of springtails was little, however, avoidance behavior and reproduction of springtails were significantly influenced by PFOS, which can be used to access the toxicity of PFOS in soils. Furthermore, it was sensitive that the chronic reproduction toxicity test of sexual reproduction of springtails F. fimetaria can be used to assess the ecotoxicity of PFOS in soil.