基于MOD16的安徽省地表蒸散量时空变化特征

安徽省是我国的农业大省，其水资源的管理和利用直接影响到农业的可持续发展，分析安徽省的蒸散量变化，对水资源的科学配置和合理利用有着重要的意义。基于MOD16蒸散量产品，利用均值、标准差、偏差法、趋势分析法以及空间变异等方法，分析安徽省近15 a地表蒸散量年际、年内时空变化特征，和不同土地利用类型下蒸散量的差异性变化特征。研究表明：（1）2000~2014年间安徽省多年平均蒸散量为694.9 mm，波动范围为647.5~730.5 mm，年际变化呈现下降趋势；并具有较强的空间分异性规律，整体上呈现南高北低趋势，各市多年蒸散量均值差异显著，其中黄山的蒸散量最高（844.1 mm），宿州最低（603.7 mm）。（2）安徽省年内各月间的蒸散量呈现先增加后减少的“单峰型”趋势，具有明显的季节差异，表现为夏季(304.17 mm)＞春季(167.56 mm)＞秋季(150.41 mm)＞冬季(73.92 mm)；但各市的年内蒸散量变化趋势表现不同，淮河以南整体呈现“单峰型”趋势，淮河以北则呈现典型的“双峰型”趋势。（3）安徽省不同土地利用类型的蒸散量差异明显，其年均蒸散量按照“林地＞草地＞未利用地>耕地＞城镇用地”的顺序递减。 关键词： MOD16; 安徽省; 蒸散量; 时空分布; 土地利用

Spatio-temporal Variations of Evapotranspiration in Anhui Province Using MOD16 Products

Anhui is one of the agricultural provinces in China,and the management and utilization of water resources directly affect the sustainable development of agriculture.It is of great significance to analyze the changes of evapotranspiration in Anhui Province,which rationally allocates water resources and rational use.Based on MOD16 data,the spatio-temporal variations of surface evapotranspiration in Anhui Province from 2000 to 2014 were studied by using the method of mean,standard deviation method,bias analysis,trend analysis and spatial variation analysis.Besides,the variation characteristics of evapotranspiration under different land use types were analyzed.The results showed that:1) the annual average evapotranspiration was 694.9 mm during 2000-2014,and the annual mean value of surface evapotranspiration fluctuated from 647.5 to 730.5 mm,and interannual changes showed a downward trend,and it had strong spatial distribution,with the trend of higher in the south and lower in the northern part of the Province.There were significant differences in the annual evapotranspiration of each city,and the highest evapotranspiration in Huangshan was 844.1 mm,while the lowest was 603.7 mm in Suzhou.2) The variations of monthly evapotranspiration in Anhui province showed the trend of "single peak",and there were obvious seasonal differences,the magnitude of the evapotranspiration in the season was:summer(304.17 mm) ＞ spring (167.56 mm) ＞ autumn (150.41 mm) ＞ winter (73.92 mm).The evapotranspiration of the cities in the south of Huaihe River showed a trend of "single peak ",while the north of the Huaihe River was a typical "bimodal peak" trend.3) The evapotranspiration varied for different land use types in Anhui Province,and the annual evapotranspiration was decreased according to the order of "forest land＞ grassland＞ unused land＞ cultivated land＞ residential land".