湖南境内武陵山片区旅游产出规模分异、质量与空间结构初探

旅游产出规模与旅游产业的辐射带动作用息息相关,综合运用位序-规模理论模型、基尼系数（G）、离散系数（CV）、赫芬达尔指数（Hn）、首位度（S）定量分析了湖南境内武陵山片区的县市2010～2015年旅游产出规模分布与规模差异变化;通过旅游规模的质量指数来评价具体县市的旅游产出规模质量,并根据规模高、低和质量的优、良、普、差划分为8个等级类型,在此基础上,采用社会网络分析方法对片区旅游产出规模的网络节点、空间结构再分析,通过Pajek和GIS进行可视化展现。研究发现：⑴湖南境内武陵山片区的旅游产出规模的集聚程度较高,旅游收入规模与旅游人次规模在分布演进的趋势上存在非同步性,当前阶段旅游产出规模的绝对差异程度表现在旅游收入与旅游人次上较高,但是相对差异程度在逐渐减弱;⑵旅游产出规模质量等级Ⅰ型占比仅1/4,Ⅱ型、Ⅲ型、Ⅳ型空缺,总数占3/4的低规模的4种类型的县市旅游产出规模质量亟待改善;⑶中心度、结构洞等指标的变化反映了随着片区内旅游流的流动与扩散效果的加强,传统旅游县市在整个网络结构中的重要程度在降低,而新兴旅游县市的影响力在逐渐提高,因此缩小了县市间旅游经济发展的差距;⑷大片区旅游发展规划有利于武陵山片区旅游产出规模的均衡化,更大程度的释放旅游扶贫的效用

Preliminary Inquiry and Analysis of Tourism Output Scale Differentiation,Quality and Space Structure in Wuling Mountain Area of Hunan

The scale of tourism output is closely related to the radiation effect of the tourism industry. With the integration of the rank-size theory model,the Gini coefficient (G),coefficient of dispersion (CV),Hector fender index (Hn ),and the first degree (S ),as well as quantitative analysis,this paper analyzes the distribution of tourism output size and the size difference variation in the counties of Wuling Mountain Area from2010 to 2015. The tourism scale index is used to evaluate the quality of tourism production scale. And according to the standards of the size of the scale (high and low) and quality (excellent,fine,common and bad),eight levels are concluded and based on this basis,the method of social network analysis is used in the analysis of space structure and the size of the network node of the area tourism output. With the help of Pajek and GIS,the visual representation of the evolution shows itself and there are three main conclusions: ⑴The tourism output scale of Wuling Mountain Area in Hunan Province is higher than that of tourism,and the tourism income scale is higher than that of tourism. Meanwhile,the size of the tourism population and tourism income scale are nonsynchronous in the distribution of the trend of the existence,The absolute difference in the scale of tourism output at the current stage is higher in tourism revenue and tourism,but the relative degree of difference is gradually weakened; ⑵Tourism output quality grade Ⅰ type accounted for only 1 /4,while Ⅱ type,Ⅲ type and Ⅳ type are vacant. Besides the low-scale four types accounted for 3 /4 of the total number. The size of the county and township tourism output scale quality needs to be improved; ⑶Center degree,structural hole and other indicators of the change reflect that with the increase of the tourism flow and diffusion effect,the degree of importance in traditional tourism counties decreases. The impact of emerging tourism counties are strengthening. All of these effects are favorable to narrow down the balance of tourism output in Wuling Mountain Area; ⑷The tourism development of large-scale tourism is becoming more and more important,which can balance the tourism output scale in this area and achieve the effectiveness of tourism poverty alleviation to the most degree.