杭州湾南岸城乡建设用地时空演化特征分析

城乡建设用地的大量增加是现代土地利用的主要特征。基于2005、2010、2015年的3期土地利用数据，结合GIS空间可视化分析方法与土地利用结构模型、动态度模型、景观模型，研究杭州湾南岸地区城乡建设用地的时空演化特征。结果表明：（1）城乡建设用地是杭州湾南岸所有用地类型中面积增加最多且增长比例最快的土地类型，但增速有减缓趋势。（2）建制镇建设用地增长速度最快，水利公共设施和独立工矿用地面积有减少趋势；建制镇建设用地与交通用地土地动态度最大，村庄和水利公共设施动态度最低。（3）建设用地构成表现为建制镇>村庄>城市>交通用地>水利及公共设施>独立工矿用地，其整体均衡性下降，建制镇的主导性逐渐显现。（4）建设用地空间分布呈一极核一带状，分布零散，并逐渐向北扩张。（5）2010年以前建设用地呈现出细粒分散发展特征，2010年以后则向粗粒发展，景观异质性减弱。 关键词： 建设用地；时空特征；景观格局；杭州湾

Analysis on the Spatio-Temporal Characteristics of Urban-Rural Construction Land in Southern Hangzhou Bay

The large increase of urban-rural construction land is the main feature of modern land use.Based on the data of land use in 2005,2010 and 2015,the spatio-temporal evolution of urban-rural construction land in the south bank of Hangzhou Bay is studied,which combined with GIS spatial visualization using land use structure model,dynamic attitude model,landscape model.The results show that:(1)Urban and rural construction land is the largest increasing and the fastest growing in the area of all land use types in the south bank of Hangzhou Bay,but the growth rate has slowed down.;(2) The construction land of the town has the fastest growth rate,and the water conservancy facilities and the area of indep,endent industrial and mining land are decreasing.Construction of the town of land and traffic land have the largest land dynamic,village and water conservancy public facilities are the lowest degree of dynamic;(3) Construction of the land composition:designated town land＞ village＞ city＞ traffic land＞ water conservancy and public facilities＞ independent industrial and mining land,the overall balance has declined,the dominance of designated town land is gradually emerging;(4)The spatial distribution of the land for construction is in the form of a polar nucleus and a belt,scattered and gradually expanding northward;(5) Before 2010,the construction land showed a fine grain dispersion development characteristics,which is to the coarse grain development after 2010,and landscape heterogeneity weakened.