金属材料的微生物腐蚀与防护研究进展

探讨了金属材料在微生物作用过程中的腐蚀与防护。通过在实验室内构建微生物环境来模拟自然状态下金属材料的腐蚀行为。回溯了微生物腐蚀的研究历史,结合近年来的研究进展,重点阐述了生物膜在金属腐蚀过程中的特性,并针对滨海工业用循环冷却水系统中金属材料的MIC,介绍了相关的防腐蚀技术并展望了未来的发展趋势。自然海水中,微生物倾向于附着在材料表面形成生物膜,它在金属/溶液界面扮演着双重角色。金属的微生物腐蚀通常由多种微生物协同作用,具有复杂的作用机制,应该综合运用各种物理、化学手段,尤其是防护性涂层方法才能达到控制腐蚀的目的。

Research Progress in Microbial Corrosion of Metal Materials and Its Prevention

This work investigated the corrosion and protection of metals in the process of microbial activities. Through constructing microbial environment in the laboratory, the natural corrosion behavior of metals was simulated. The research history of microbial corrosion was reviewed, and the characteristics of biofilms during the corrosion process of metals were illustrated in detail, based on the research progress in recent years. Moreover, the microbiologically influenced corrosion of metal materials for coastal industrial circulating cooling water system was introduced, relevant anti-corrosion technology was presented, and the future development trend in this field was prospected. In natural seawater, microorganisms tend to adhere to the material surface and form biofilms, which play a dual role in the metal/solution interface. The microbial corrosion of metals is usually a result of synergistic effect of various microorganisms, and has complex mechanisms. Thus, many physical and chemical methods, especially the protective coatings should be comprehensively used so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the corrosion of metals.