垃圾焚烧飞灰熔渣的健康风险评价与豁免管理

通过对垃圾焚烧飞灰在环境中迁移转化过程的分析,对取自上海的垃圾焚烧飞灰及其处理后的熔渣进行了健康风险评价.结果表明上海原灰对儿童与成人的暴露危险指数分别为84.79和38.76,远大于可接受的风险水平(1),因此上海原灰对人体健康有较大的非致癌风险;而经过高温熔融处理之后的飞灰熔渣对儿童与成人的暴露危险指数分别为0.160和0 073 3,危险指数在可接受的范围之内,对环境和人体健康造成的危害较小,可以进行豁免,可按照一般废物进行管理.

Health Risk Assessment and Exemption Management of MSWI Fly Ash's Melting Residues

Health risk assessment about a sort of fly ash derived from Shanghai and its melting residues was carried out,after analysis of MSWI fly ash's transformation process in the environment.The result showed that exposure hazard index of Shanghai's fly ash untreated to children and adults is 84.79 and 38.76,respectively.These data are far behind the acceptable hazard level(1),and so Shanghai's fly ash untreated has high non-carcinogenic risk to human health.However,melting residues of Shanghai's fly ash after high-temperature melting treatment only pose low risk to human health and environmental safety.Their exposure hazard index to children and adults is 0.160 and(0.073 3,) respectively.These data are within the acceptable scopes.Therefore,they can be exempted from hazardous wastes and managed as solid wastes.