中国民用航空机场大气污染物及碳排放清单

基于2017~2020年中国民用航空局飞机起降数据、机队配置数据和国际民航组织（ICAO）飞机发动机排放因子数据库等数据，自下而上编制了2017~2020年中国民用航空机场高分辨率飞机起飞着陆（LTO）循环大气污染物及碳排放清单，在此基础上探究中国民用航空机场大气污染物和碳排放时空分布特征.分析2000~2020年3次疫情（2003年非典、2012年中东呼吸症、2020年新冠疫情）对机场大气污染物及碳排放影响.结果表明，2020年中国民航机场LTO循环NO_x、CO、HC、SO₂、PM和CO₂排放量分别为10.90，8.22，0.96，0.28，0.06，1360.27万t；HC、CO、SO₂、CO₂在滑行阶段排放量最大，分别占总排放量的92.80%、91.56%、41.81%、41.81%.NO_x、PM在爬升阶段排放量最大，分别占总排放量的47.93%、37.39%；2017~2019年我国民航机场飞机LTO循环大气污染物及碳排放总量呈现逐年增长的趋势，受新冠疫情影响2020年排放总量下降22.39%；排放集中在经济较为发达的华东地区.在2000~2020年3次疫情中，新冠疫情对我国民航机场飞机LTO循环排放量影响最显著.

Air pollution and CO2 emission inventory of Chinese civil aviation airport

Based on the aircraft take-off and landing data of the Civil Aviation Administration of China, fleet configuration data, and the ICAO aircraft engine emission factor database from 2017 to 2020, the air pollution and CO₂ emission inventory of the landing and take-off (LTO) cycle of high-resolution aircraft of civil aviation airport of China were developed from bottom to top. On this basis, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of air pollutants and CO₂ on air pollution of China Civil Aviation Airport LTO cycle were explored. We analyzed the 3epidemics from 2000 to 2020 (SARS in 2003, MERS in 2012, and COVID-19 in 2020) on airport air pollution and CO₂ emissions. The results show that the emissions of NO_x, CO, HC, SO₂, PM, and CO₂ in the LTO cycle of civil aviation airports in China in 2020 are 10.90, 8.22, 0.96, 0.28, 0.06, 1360.27 million tons respectively; The emissions of HC, CO, SO_2, and CO₂ are the largest in the taxiing stage, accounting for 92.80%, 91.56%, 41.81% and 41.81% of the total emissions respectively. The emissions of NO_x and PM are the largest in the climbing stage, accounting for 47.93% and 37.39% of the total emissions respectively; Air pollutants and CO₂ emissions from China's Civil Aviation Airport LTO cycle showed an increasing trend over the past 2017~2019 years, and the total emissions in 2020 were reduced by 22.39% by COVID-19. The most concentrated emission area is the economically developed East region. In the 3 epidemics of the 2000~2020 years, COVID-19 has the most significant impact on the LTO emissions from China's civil aviation airport.