碳基吸附剂原位吸附底泥重金属离子研究进展

本文综述了碳基吸附剂去除湖泊底泥中重金属离子的研究进展，具体介绍了生物炭基吸附剂、碳纳米管基吸附剂以及氧化石墨烯基吸附剂在修复湖泊重金属污染底泥中的应用，分析了影响重金属污染底泥修复的影响因素.结果表明，生物炭基吸附剂，碳纳米管基吸附剂，氧化石墨烯基吸附剂以及改性碳基吸附剂均能够有效修复底泥重金属，抑制重金属的生物有效性，同时上覆水pH值、氧化还原电位、有机质和水体扰动会影响重金属修复效果.最后针对碳基吸附剂在修复底泥重金属方面的局限性，展望了未来碳基吸附剂修复湖泊重金属污染底泥的发展方向.

Research progress on in-situ adsorption of heavy metal ions in sediments with carbon-based adsorbents

In this paper, the research progress of carbon-based adsorbents in the removal of heavy metal ions from lake sediments was reviewed, and the applications of biochar-based adsorbents, carbon nanotubes-based adsorbents and graphene oxide-based adsorbents in the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated sediments in lakes were introduced in detail. The influencing factors were analyzed and the research prospect of carbon-based adsorbents for the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated sediments in lakes was put forward. It was indicated that biochar-based adsorbents, carbon nanotubes-based adsorbents, graphene oxide-based adsorbents and modified carbon-based adsorbents could effectively remove heavy metals in sediments and inhibit the bioavailability of heavy metals. Meanwhile, the performance of heavy metal removal was affected by pH value of overlying water, redox potential, organic matters and physical disturbance. Finally, considering limitation of carbon-based absorbents on remediating heavy metals in sediments, the future direction was prospected.