污水处理厂达标外排水对受纳水体影响的研究

文章通过模拟实验发现污水处理厂达标外排水对受纳水体具有明显的生态效应。实验结果表明，水中有机物与叶绿素都随接纳水量而增加，COD除3#比对照低32％外，2、4和5#中COD分别比对照高93％、46％和46％；叶绿素除3群比对照低51．7％外，2、4和5#中叶绿素分别比对照高129．9％、106．5％和81．8％。总氮随接纳水量的增加而显著增加，而水中总磷与接纳废水量的关系并不显著。根据Redfield比值。判断，对照体系1#中氮磷相对平衡，而接纳水量最少的2#系统N起限制作用，随着接纳水量的进一步增加，磷则成为主要的限制性因素。同时，外排水对受纳水体溶解性无机盐的积累贡献明显，2#～5#体系在45d内TSS的相对积累率分别达到153．9％、118．3％、243．3％和312．6％。外排水对受纳水体底泥有机质含量的影响也十分显著，2#-5撑体系底泥中的有机物比对照体系都显著降低，分解速率平均提高3倍。这说明接纳水中的有机物并没有引起水体中有机物的沉降与积聚，反而促进了底泥中有机物的矿质化过程。

Study on the Effect of Effluent Met the Standard from Sewage Treatment Plant on the Receiving Waters

The effluent from a sewage treatment plant having an obvious ecological effect on the receiving water through simulation experiment was studied in this paper. The results show that organic matter and ehlorophylls in the water increases along with the accept water. Compared with the control system, the COD of the 3# system lowed 32%, 2#,4#,5# system COD increased 93%, 46% and 46%. The chlorophylls of 3# system lowed 51.7%, 2#,4# and 5# system chlorophylls increased 129.9%, 106.5% and 81.8%. With the effluent increasing, the total nitrogen in the water increased greatly, but a significant correlation was not found between total phosphorus and drainage water. According to the Redfield ratio, nitrogen and phosphorus in the control system 1 # keep relative balance, while nitrogen in the control system 2# which has the fewest receiving water plays the role of restriction. With a further increase in the receiving water, phosphorus became a major limiting factor. At the same time, the effluent on the receiving water significantly contributes to the accumulation of solubility inorganic salts. The TSS relative rates of accumulation of 2# -5# systems in 45 d reached 153. 9%, 118. 3 %, 243. 3% and 312. 6 % respectively. The effect of effluent on sediment organic matter content of the receiving water was also very significant. The organic in the sediment in 2# - 5# systems were dramatically lower than those in the control system, and the decomposition rate increased 3 times on average. These show that organic matter in the effluent did not cause accumulation and settlement of organic matter in the water, but promote mineralization the organic matter mineral in the sediment.