基于属性识别理论的城市生态安全评价——以广州市为例

城市生态安全评价可以使管理者和公众及时了解城市发展中生态环境压力的严重态势,为城市可持续发展战略的制定和生态系统的管理提供依据和指导。文章构建了由活力、组织结构、恢复力、生态系统服务功能和人类健康状况5个要素构成的城市生态安全评价指标体系。在有序分割类和属性识别准则的基础上,建立了城市生态安全评价的属性识别模型。采用层次分析法（AHP）和熵权法赋予指标权重,充分利用了主观和客观评价方法的优势。根据此模型对广州市1991—2007年间的生态安全状况进行了实证分析。结果表明城市生态安全状况呈现出,从＂较不安全级＂上升到＂临界安全＂级。在5个评价要素中,除人群健康状况外,其他4个评价要素呈现出逐年改善的趋势。属性识别理论能对事物进行有效识别和比较分析,且原理直观、计算简便、评价结果准确,在评价、预测、决策等领域中具有广泛的适用性。

Urban ecological security assessment based on attribute recognition theory:a case study on Guangzhou city

Urban ecological security assessment can provide theoretical basis and guidance for the formulation of urban sustainable development strategies and management of ecological system.With deterioration of eco-environment,study on ecological security assessment has become an important area in concerned sciences.This paper constructs an assessment indicator system of urban ecological security.The indicator system includes vigor,organization,resilience,maintenance of ecosystem service and human health.Then it establishes an attribute recognition assessment model based on the conceptions of attribute recognition theory such as attribute sets,attribute measure,ordered partition class and confidence criterion.The paper uses analytic hierarchy process and entropy method to endow indicators weights,which can utilize the advantages of objective and subjective methods.Finally the paper assesses security conditions of Guangzhou from 1991 to 2007.The results show that there is a tendency of gradual improvement in ecological security conditions of Guangzhou,which improve from ＂relatively insecure＂ to ＂critically secure＂ grade.Except human health,the other four elements also take on a tendency of gradual improvement.Attribute recognition theory is scientific and simple and is widely applied in evaluation and forecasting.