两相分配生物反应器治理高浓度有机污染研究进展

高浓度有机污染物难以进行生物降解的主要原因之一是其会对微生物产生较大毒害作用而抑制微生物生长以及降解过程,而两相分配生物反应器(Two-phase partitioning bioreactor,TPPB)可以有效解决污染物毒性的问题,因而在高浓度有机污染治理中具有较大的应用潜力.本文系统介绍了TPPB类型以及各自的工作原理,即TPPB通过非水相的引入可以溶解系统内大部分有机污染物,减少水相中污染物的浓度,降低其对微生物的毒性,并通过微生物的代谢活动实现污染物的降解,随着降解过程的进行污染物在两相间的分配平衡不断被打破,污染物又不断从非水相进入到水相之中,使得微生物的降解过程持续进行.同时分析了反应过程中的各种影响因素,如传质速率、微生物影响等,进而阐述了该技术在水体、土壤、大气污染治理中的应用,最后根据目前的研究进展,对TPPB技术的工程应用前景进行了展望.

Advance in Researches on Degradation of Organic Pollutants with High Concentration in a Two-phase Partitioning Bioreactor

Organic pollutants with high concentration pose serious environmental and health risks worldwide,and the biological treatment of these materials is severely constrained by their toxic and inhibitory nature.Two-phase partitioning bioreactor(TPPB) is an efficient method for treating these materials.TPPB is characterized by a cell-containing aqueous phase and an immiscible and biocompatible non-aqueous phase that partitions toxic and hydrophobic substrates to the cells based on their metabolic demand and the thermodynamic equilibrium of the system.The type and principal of TPPB,the impact factors,such as mass transfer rate and microbes,and the reinforcement methods in the degradation process are discussed firstly in this paper.Then the application of this technology in control of water,soil and air pollution are reviewed.Finally,the engineering application of TPPB is prospected based on the present research.