东江流域水污染控制与水生态系统恢复技术与综合示范

归纳了水专项东江项目2008—2013年的主要研究成果:针对保护优质水源的国家需求,选择典型的东江流域开展前瞻性的水污染控制技术研发并进行工程示范,创建了由常规水质指标实时在线化,痕量污染物控制指标识别筛选全流域优化,生物毒性指标甄别多属性全程化等成套技术构成的水源流域水质风险识别技术体系;由各类工艺废水脱毒减害,同质污水区域集中强化处理,排水持续净化等成套技术构成的水环境风险控制工程技术体系;由水生物链各物种生长状况评级,生境恢复和物种受损关键环节恢复等成套技术构成的生态健康维护技术体系。集成以上3个技术体系形成成套的流域水环境风险控制技术体系集。基于上述技术创新提出了“控制风险、维护生态、保水甘甜、发展持续”的水源流域管理创新总体策略。研发的技术体系与策略在东江流域的示范与应用,实现了东江主干流水质常年优于Ⅱ类的污染控制目标。

Water pollution control and integrated demonstration of water ecosystem recovery technology in Dongjiang River Basin

The main research achievements of the Dongjiang River Project in the National Water Pollution Control and Management of Science and Technology Major Program (Major Water Program) over the period from 2008 to 2013 were summarized. Aiming at national demand for protecting high-quality water, the Dongjiang River basin was chosen for the research and demonstration of prospective water pollution control technologies. A technical system for water quality risk ide.pngication of water source basin was established, including real-time on-line operation of routine water quality indicators, ide.pngication, screening and optimization of trace pollutant control indicators, and multi-attribute full process of biological toxicity index ide.pngication, etc. An engineering technical system for water quality risk control was created, including detoxification technologies for various types of wastewater, centralized intensive processing technologies for homogenous wastewater, and continuous purification technologies for drainage. Moreover, a technical system for ecological health maintenance was established, including the growth state rating of various species, habitat restoration and restoration of key damaged links of the aquatic organisms chain. The three technical systems were integrated to form a river basin water environmental risk control system set. Based on the technical innovation, the overall strategy of water source basin management of "control risk, maintain ecology, keep water fresh and develop sustainably" was put forward. The technical system and strategy were demonstrated and applied in the Dongjiang River basin, and guaranteeing the achievement of the water quality objective better than the Class Ⅱ in the main stream of Dongjiang River finally.