5种水生植物去污抗逆能力的试验研究

在实验室人工模拟太湖地区初春较寒冷的气象条件下,对5种能越冬的水生植物(伊乐藻、微齿眼子菜、竹叶眼子菜、石菖蒲和水芹菜)在不同营养条件下去除氮磷的效果和一些反映其抗逆能力的生理生化指标进行了系统的对比研究.结果表明:这5种植物均能较好地吸收水中的营养物质,其中以水芹菜和微齿眼子菜的脱氮除磷效果最好;5种植物体内脯氨酸含量均与水体营养物质的质量浓度呈正相关,相同试验条件下,水芹菜和微齿眼子菜体内脯氨酸的积累倍数最高,表明二者的抗逆能力也较强;但当水体营养物质的质量浓度超过一定限值后,5种植物的生物量增长率均随水体营养等级的增高而下降.水芹菜和微齿眼子菜可作为构成双层次群落结构(FAMS)的优选植物种类,用于修复太湖地区富营养化水体. 

Experimental Study of Decontamination and Resistance Ability of Five Hydrophytes

By artificial imitation of the low temperature weather condition of Taihu area, five hydrophytes, in terms of Elodea Canadensis Michx., Potamogeton maackianus A. Benn, Potamogeton malaianus Miq., Oenanthe javanica (Bl.) DC. and Acorus tatarinowii Schott, were used to investigate the effects on decontaminating nitrogen and phosphorus at the different nutrition levels. At the same time, some physiological and biochemical indexes of the hydrophytes were systemically and comparatively studied. The results show that all the hydrophytes absorb the nutrient substance effectively and the effects of Oenanthe javanica (Bl.) DC. and Potamogeton maackianus A.Benn's are the best two. The prolines of hydrophytes are increasing with the increasing nutrition mass concentration of the water. At the same experimental condition, the Oenanthe javanica (Bl.) DC. and Potamogeton maackianus A.Benn have the highest accumulative multiples of hydrophytes' proline with time, indicating that they have strongest resistance. When the nutrition mass concentration exceeds a certain threshold, the biomasses of hydrophytes are descending with the increasing level of the water nutrition. Oenanthe javanica (Bl.) DC. and Potamogeton maackianus A. Benn, are optimal hydrophytes to construct floating aquatic macrophyte-based treatment system (FAMS) for eutrophication waters remediation at Taihu areas.