基于MCLP-BACOP模型的城市消防站选址研究

为提高消防站规划选址的科学性,合理调度有限的消防应急资源,提升消防应急响应效率,以湖北省某城市中心城区为研究对象,在火灾风险评估基础上,对消防站选址模型进行优化研究,构建了MCLP-BACOP结合覆盖模型并借助ArcGIS软件对模型进行优化求解。研究结果表明:通过MCLP-BACOP结合覆盖模型计算得到的中心城区消防站选址方案在对覆盖率影响较小的情况下,可以减少消防站数量并降低成本,同时能保证高风险区重复覆盖。该模型对于火灾风险较大的城区适用性强,在考虑经济因素及现实条件下,可有效提升城区消防响应效率。

Study on site selection of urban fire station based on MCLP-BACOP model

This paper aims to plan the site selection of the fire station more scientifically and realize the rational allocation of emergency resources under limited resources. For this purpose, this paper takes the central urban area of a city in Hubei Province as the research object. A fire station location model is investigated based on the fire risk assessment. For optimization research, the MCLP-BACOP combined coverage model is constructed. The model is optimized and solved with the aid of ArcGIS software. The research results show that the fire station site selection scheme calculated by MCLP-BACOP combined with the coverage model can reduce the number of fire stations and the cost, and ensure repeated coverage of high-risk areas, with minor impact on the coverage rate. The model has applicability to urban areas with high fire risk.